Editing Lane departure warning system (section)

{{short description|Mechanism designed to warn a driver when the vehicle begins to move out of its lane}}
[[File:Strada Provinciale BS 510 Sebina Orientale.jpg|thumb|Roadway with lane markings|alt=Straight-ahead, approaching an overpass]]

In road-transport terminology, a '''lane departure warning system''' ('''LDWS''') is a mechanism designed to warn the driver when the vehicle begins to move out of its [[lane]] (unless a [[turn signal]] is on in that direction) on [[freeway]]s and [[arterial road]]s. These systems are designed to minimize accidents by addressing the main causes of collisions: driver error, distractions and drowsiness. In 2009 the U.S. [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]] (NHTSA) began studying whether to mandate lane departure warning systems and [[Collision avoidance system|frontal collision warning system]]s on automobiles.<ref>http://www.detnews.com/article/20090702/AUTO01/907020346/1148/auto01/NHTSA+may+impose+more+safety+features {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Umar Zakir Abdul |first=Hamid |title=Current Collision Mitigation Technologies for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems–A Survey |journal=PERINTIS eJournal |date=2016 |volume=6 |issue=2 |url= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311981545 |display-authors=etal|access-date=14 June 2017}}</ref>

There are four types of systems:
*'''Lane departure warning''' (LDW): Systems which warn the driver if the vehicle is leaving its lane with visual, audible, and/or vibration warnings
*'''[[Lane keeping assist]]''' (LKA/LKS): Systems which warn the driver and, with no response, automatically take steps to ensure the vehicle stays in its lane
*[[Lane centering|'''Lane centering assist''']] (LCA): Systems which assist in oversteering, keeping the car centered in the lane, and asking the driver to take over in challenging situations
*'''[[Automated lane keeping systems]]''' (ALKS): Designed to follow lane markings with no human driver.

Another system is the emergency lane keeping (ELK). The emergency lane keeping applies correction to a vehicle which drifts beyond a solid lane marking.<ref name="cdn.euroncap.com">https://cdn.euroncap.com/media/29410/euro-ncap-lss-test-protocol-v20.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>