Editing Langerhans cell (section)

{{Short description|Macrophage cell of the skin}}
{{distinguish|text=the cells of the [[islets of Langerhans]] in the pancreas, or [[Langhans giant cell]]}}
{{Infobox cell
| Name        = Langerhans cell
| Image       = Dendritic cells.jpg
| Caption     = Section of skin showing large numbers of Langerhans cells in the [[Epidermis (skin)|epidermis]]. (''[[M. ulcerans]]'' infection, S100 [[immunoperoxidase|immunoperoxidase stain]].)
| Image2      = 
| Caption2    = 
| System      = [[Immune system]]
| Precursor   =
| Function    = [[Dendritic cell]]
| Pronunciation = 
| Location    = [[Skin]] and [[mucosa]]
| Acronym     = 
}}
[[File:The representation of Langerhans cells in the Cell Ontology.jpg|thumb|300px|The representation of Langerhans cells in the Cell Ontology. A portion of the Cell Ontology is shown with ovals corresponding to cell types defined in the ontology and arrows corresponding to relations between those cell types. Langerhans cell is represented by a yellow oval; blue arrows correspond to is_a relations, and orange arrows correspond to develops_from relations. Only a subset of Langerhans cell parent types are included in the figure.<ref name="pmid19243617">{{cite journal |doi=10.1186/1471-2105-10-70 |title=An improved ontological representation of dendritic cells as a paradigm for all cell types |year=2009 |last1=Masci |first1=Anna |last2=Arighi |first2=Cecilia N |last3=Diehl |first3=Alexander D |last4=Lieberman |first4=Anne E |last5=Mungall |first5=Chris |last6=Scheuermann |first6=Richard H |last7=Smith |first7=Barry |last8=Cowell |first8=Lindsay G |journal=BMC Bioinformatics |volume=10 |pages=70 |pmid=19243617 |pmc=2662812 |doi-access=free }}</ref>]]

A '''Langerhans cell''' ('''LC''') is a tissue-resident [[macrophage]] of the skin<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28720426/ | title=Langerhans Cells – The Macrophage in Dendritic Cell Clothing | year=2017 | pmid=28720426 | last1=Doebel | first1=T. | last2=Voisin | first2=B. | last3=Nagao | first3=K. | journal=Trends in Immunology | volume=38 | issue=11 | pages=817–828 | doi=10.1016/j.it.2017.06.008 }}</ref> once thought to be a resident [[dendritic cell]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D007801 | title=MeSH Browser }}</ref> These cells contain organelles called [[Birbeck granules]]. They are present in all layers of the [[epidermis]] and are most prominent in the [[stratum spinosum]].<ref name="Wheaters">{{cite book |title=Wheater's Functional Histology |edition=4th |last1=Young |first1=Barbara |last2=Heath |first2=John W. |year=2000 |publisher=Churchill Livingstone |isbn=0-443-05612-9 |page=162}}</ref> They also occur in the [[papillary dermis]], particularly around blood vessels,<ref name=Wheaters /> as well as in the [[oral mucosa|mucosa of the mouth]], [[foreskin]], and [[vaginal epithelium]].<ref name=pmid7558138 /> They can be found in other tissues, such as [[lymph node]]s, particularly in association with the condition [[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]] (LCH).