Editing Later Zhao (section)

{{Short description|Dynasty in northern China (319–351)}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox country
| native_name            = 趙
| conventional_long_name = Zhao
| common_name            = Later Zhao
| era                    = <!--- Use: "Napoleonic Wars", "Cold War", etc. --->
| status                 = Empire
| status_text            = <!--- A free text to describe status the top of the infobox. Use sparingly. --->
| empire                 = <!--- The empire or country to which the entity was in a state of dependency --->
| government_type        = [[Monarchy]]

<!--- Rise and fall, events, years and dates --->
<!-- only fill in the start/end event entry if a specific article exists. Don't just say "abolition" or "declaration"-->| year_start             = 319
| year_end               = 351
| year_exile_start       = <!--- Year of start of exile (if dealing with exiled government - status="Exile") --->
| year_exile_end         = <!--- Year of end of exile (leave blank if still in exile) --->
| event_start            = <!--- Default: "Established" --->
| date_start             = <!--- Optional: Date of establishment, enter dates in this format 1 January 1801--->
| event_end              = <!--- Default: "Disestablished" --->
| date_end               = <!--- Optional: Date of disestablishment --->
| event1                 = Destruction of [[Han-Zhao]]
| date_event1            = 329
| event2                 = [[Shi Le]]'s claim of imperial title
| date_event2            = 330
| event3                 = [[Shi Hu]]'s seizing the throne from [[Shi Hong]]
| date_event3            = 335
| event4                 = [[Ran Min]]'s establishment of Ran Wei
| date_event4            = 350
| event_pre              = <!--- Optional: A crucial event that took place before before "event_start"--->
| date_pre               = 
| event_post             = <!--- Optional: A crucial event that took place before after "event_end"--->
| date_post              = <!--- Flag navigation: Preceding and succeeding entities p1 to p5 and s1 to s5 --->
| p1                     = Han-Zhao
| flag_p1                = <!--- Default: "Flag of {{{P1}}}.svg" (size 30) --->
| image_p1               = <!--- Use: [[File:Sin escudo.svg|20px|Image missing]] --->
| p2                     = Jin dynasty (266–420)
| flag_p2                = 
| p3                     = 
| flag_p3                = 
| p4                     = 
| flag_p4                = 
| p5                     = 
| flag_p5                = 
| s1                     = Ran Wei
| flag_s1                = <!--- Default: "Flag of {{{S1}}}.svg" (size 30) --->
| image_s1               = <!--- Use: [[File:Sin escudo.svg|20px|Image missing]] --->
| s2                     = Former Qin
| flag_s2                = 
| s3                     = Former Yan
| flag_s3                = 
| s4                     = Jin dynasty (266–420)
| flag_s4                = 
| s5                     = Duan Qi
| flag_s5                = 
| image_flag             = <!--- Default: Flag of {{{Common_name}}}.svg --->
| flag                   = <!--- Link target under flag image. Default: Flag of {{{Common_name}}} --->
| flag_type              = <!--- Displayed text for link under flag. Default "Flag" --->
| image_coat             = <!--- Default: Coat of arms of {{{Common_name}}}.svg --->
| symbol                 = <!--- Link target under symbol image. Default: Coat of arms of {{{Common_name}}} --->
| symbol_type            = <!--- Displayed text for link under symbol. Default "Coat of arms" --->
| image_map              = Sixteen Kingdoms 338 AD (2).jpg
| image_map_caption      = Later Zhao in northern China
| image_map2             = <!-- If second map is needed - does not appear by default -->
| image_map2_caption     = 
| capital                = [[Xingtai|Xiangguo]] (319–335, 350–351)<br>[[Ye (Hebei)|Yecheng]] (335–350)
| capital_exile          = <!-- If status="Exile" -->
| latd                   = 
| latm                   = 
| latNS                  = 
| longd                  = 
| longm                  = 
| longEW                 = 
| national_motto         = 
| national_anthem        = 
| common_languages       = [[Jie language|Jie]]
| languages              = 
| religion               = 
| currency               = ||<!--- Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies --->
| leader1                = [[Shi Le]]
| leader2                = [[Shi Hong]]
| leader3                = [[Shi Hu]]
| leader4                = [[Shi Shi (emperor)|Shi Shi]]
| leader5                = [[Shi Zun]]
| leader6                = [[Shi Jian]]
| leader7                = [[Shi Zhi]]
| year_leader1           = 319–333
| year_leader2           = 333–334
| year_leader3           = 334–349
| year_leader4           = 349
| year_leader5           = 349
| year_leader6           = 349–350
| year_leader7           = 350–351
| title_leader           = Emperor
| representative1        = <!--- Name of representative of head of state (eg. colonial governor) --->
| representative2        = 
| representative3        = 
| representative4        = 
| year_representative1   = <!--- Years served --->
| year_representative2   = 
| year_representative3   = 
| year_representative4   = 
| title_representative   = <!--- Default: "Governor"--->
| deputy1                = <!--- Name of prime minister --->
| deputy2                = 
| deputy3                = 
| deputy4                = 
| year_deputy1           = <!--- Years served --->
| year_deputy2           = 
| year_deputy3           = 
| year_deputy4           = 
| title_deputy           = <!--- Default: "Prime minister" --->

<!--- Legislature --->| legislature            = <!--- Name of legislature --->
| house1                 = <!--- Name of first chamber --->
| type_house1            = <!--- Default: "Upper house"--->
| house2                 = <!--- Name of second chamber --->
| type_house2            = <!--- Default: "Lower house"--->

<!--- Area and population of a given year --->| stat_year1             = 329 est.<ref name="Taagepera">{{cite journal|last1=Taagepera|first1=Rein|title=Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D|journal=Social Science History|date=1979|volume=3|issue=3/4|page=121|doi=10.2307/1170959|jstor=1170959}}</ref>
| stat_area1             = 2500000
| stat_pop1              = <!--- population (w/o commas or spaces), population density is calculated if area is also given --->
| stat_year2             = 
| stat_area2             = 
| stat_pop2              = 
| stat_year3             = 
| stat_area3             = 
| stat_pop3              = 
| stat_year4             = 
| stat_area4             = 
| stat_pop4              = 
| stat_year5             = 
| stat_area5             = 
| stat_pop5              = 
| footnotes              = <!--- Accepts wikilinks --->
| today                  = [[China]]
}}
'''Zhao''', briefly known officially as '''Wei''' (衛) in 350 AD, known in historiography as the '''Later Zhao''' ({{Zh|s=后赵|t=後趙|p=Hòu Zhào}}; 319–351) or '''Shi Zhao''' (石趙), was a [[Dynasties of China|dynasty of China]] ruled by the Shi family of [[Jie people|Jie]] ethnicity during the [[Sixteen Kingdoms]] period. Among the Sixteen Kingdoms, the Later Zhao was the second in territorial size to the [[Former Qin|Former Qin dynasty]] that once unified northern China under [[Fu Jian (337–385)|Fu Jian]]. In historiography, it is given the prefix of "Later" to distinguish it with the [[Han-Zhao]] or Former Zhao, which changed its name from "Han" to "Zhao" just before the Later Zhao was founded.

When the Later Zhao was founded by former Han-Zhao general [[Shi Le]],<ref name=Rene>{{Cite book |last=Grousset |first=Rene |title=The Empire of the Steppes |publisher=Rutgers University Press |year=1970 |isbn=0-8135-1304-9 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/empireofsteppesh00prof/page/57 57–58] |url=https://archive.org/details/empireofsteppesh00prof/page/57 }}</ref> the capital was at Xiangguo (襄國, in modern [[Xingtai]], [[Hebei]]), but in 335 [[Shi Hu]] moved the capital to [[Ye (Hebei)|Yecheng]] (鄴城, in modern [[Handan]], [[Hebei]]), where it would remain for the rest of the state's history (except for [[Shi Zhi]]'s brief attempt to revive the state at Xiangguo). After defeating the Han-Zhao in 329, the Later Zhao ruled a significant portion of northern China and vassalized the [[Former Liang]] and [[Dai (Sixteen Kingdoms)|Dai]]; only the [[Former Yan]] in [[Liaoning]] remained fully out of their control. For roughly twenty years, it maintained a stalemate with the [[Jin dynasty (266–420)|Eastern Jin]] dynasty in the south before its rapid collapse in 349 following the death of Shi Hu.