Editing Legislative Yuan (section)

{{Short description|Unicameral national legislature of the Republic of China (Taiwan)}}
{{For|the legislature of the People's Republic of China|National People's Congress}}
{{Infobox legislature
 | name               = Legislative Yuan of<br />the Republic of China <!-- The ROC constitution has the official name only Legislative Yuan (立法院). For reference, please see https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=A0000001. -->
 | native_name        = {{nobold|{{lang|zh-tw|中華民國立法院}}}}
 | background_color   = #b8860b
 | text_color         = #FFFFFF
 | legislature        = [[11th Legislative Yuan]]
 | foundation         = {{unbulletedlist|{{start date and age|df=yes|1928|12|5}}<br />(pre-1947 Constitution)|{{start date and age|df=yes|1948|5|18}}<br />([[Constitution of the Republic of China|1947 Constitution]])<ref>{{cite web|title=Concise History|url=http://www.ly.gov.tw/en/01_introduce/introView.action?id=2|website=Legislative Yuan|date=23 July 2013|access-date=3 July 2017|archive-date=18 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018030446/http://www.ly.gov.tw/en/01_introduce/introView.action?id=2|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|script-title=zh:立法院全球資訊網－認識立法院－簡史|url=http://www.ly.gov.tw/02_introduce/0201_intro/introView.action?id=2&itemno=02010200|website=www.ly.gov.tw|date=23 July 2013|access-date=3 July 2017|language=zh|archive-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029005013/http://www.ly.gov.tw/02_introduce/0201_intro/introView.action?id=2&itemno=02010200|url-status=live}}</ref>|{{start date and age|df=yes|1950|2|24}}<br />(Taiwan)|{{start date and age|df=yes|2005|6|7}}<br />(current form)}}
 | disbanded = {{unbulletedlist|{{start date and age|df=yes|1949|10|1}}<br />([[Republic of China (1912–1949)|mainland]])|{{start date and age|df=yes|1949|12|7}}<br />([[Retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan|government relocated]])}}
| preceded_by = [[National Assembly (Beiyang government)|National Assembly]]
 | coa_pic            = ROC Legislative Yuan Seal (2).svg
 | coa-pic            = 
 | house_type         = [[Unicameralism|Unicameral]]<hr>[[National Assembly (Republic of China)|Lower house]]<br />(1947–2005)
 | houses             = 
 | leader1_type       = [[President of the Legislative Yuan|President]]
 | leader1            = [[Han Kuo-yu]] ([[Kuomintang|KMT]])
 | election1          = 1 February 2024
 | leader2_type       = [[Vice President of the Legislative Yuan|Vice President]]
 | leader2            = [[Johnny Chiang]] ([[Kuomintang|KMT]])
 |leader3=[[Ker Chien-ming]] ([[Democratic Progressive Party|DPP]])|leader4=[[Fu Kun-chi]] ([[Kuomintang|KMT]])| election2          = 1 February 2024
 |leader3_type=Governing party leader|election3=20 May 2016|leader4_type=Opposition leader|election4=1 February 2024| members            = 113{{efn|Number of seats in the amended constitution. The number of seats in the original constitution was 759.}}
 | structure1         = 11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg
 | structure1_res     = 250px
 | structure2         = 
 | structure2_res     = 
 | political_groups1  = 
'''[[Cho_cabinet|Government]] (51)'''
*{{Color box|{{party color|Democratic Progressive Party}}}} [[Democratic Progressive Party|DPP]] (51)
'''Opposition (62)'''
*{{Color box|{{party color|Kuomintang}}}} KMT Caucus (54)
**{{Color box|{{party color|Kuomintang}}}} [[Kuomintang|KMT]] (52)
** {{Color box|{{party color|Independent}}}} Independent (2)
*{{Color box|{{party color|Taiwan People's Party}}}} [[Taiwan People's Party|TPP]] (8)
 | committees1        = 
 | committees2        = 
 | joint_committees   = 
 | voting_system1     = [[Parallel voting]]:
*73 seats by [[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
*34 seats by [[Party-list proportional representation|party-list PR]] using largest remainder method with Hare quota
*6 seats by [[Single non-transferable vote|SNTV]]
 | voting_system2     = 
 | term_length        = 4 years
 | last_election1     = [[2024 Taiwanese legislative election|13 January 2024]]
 | last_election2     = 
 | next_election1     = [[2028 Taiwanese legislative election|On or before January 2028]]
| session_room        =  File:中華民國立法院 (議場外) Legislative Yuan of the Republic of China (chamber, exterior).jpg
| session_res         = 270px
| session_room2       = File:張善政赴立法院院會施政備詢 02.jpg
 | session_res2        = 270px
 | meeting_place       = The Legislative Yuan Building,<br />No. 1, Zhongshan South Road<br />[[Zhongzheng District]], [[Taipei|Taipei City]], [[Taiwan|Republic of China]]
 | website            = [http://www.ly.gov.tw/Engpages/index.aspx www.ly.gov.tw] {{in lang|en}}
 | footnotes          = 
 | constitution       = [[Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China|Additional Articles]] and the original [[Constitution of the Republic of China]]
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| collapse = no
| c = {{linktext|立法院}}
| l = Law-establishing court
| bpmf = ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ ㄩㄢˋ
| w = Li<sup>4</sup>-fa<sup>3</sup> Yüan<sup>4</sup>
| p = Lìfǎyuàn
| tp = Lì-fǎ-yuàn
| mps = Lìfǎ Yuàn
| gr = Lihfaa Yuann
| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|l|i|4|.|f|a|3|.|yuan|4}}
| poj = Li̍p-hoat-īⁿ
| tl = Li̍p-huat-īnn
| h = Li̍p-fap Yen
}}
{{Politics of Taiwan}}

The '''Legislative Yuan''' ({{zh|t=立法院|p=Lìfǎyuàn|l = Law-establishing court}}) is the [[unicameralism|unicameral]] [[legislature]] of the [[Taiwan|Republic of China]] (Taiwan) located in [[Taipei]]. The Legislative Yuan is composed of 113 members, who are directly elected for four-year terms by people of the [[Free area of the Republic of China|Taiwan Area]] through a [[parallel voting]] system.

Originally located in [[Nanjing]], the Legislative Yuan, along with the [[National Assembly (Republic of China)|National Assembly]] (electoral college) and the [[Control Yuan]] (upper house), formed the [[Tricameralism|tricameral]] parliament under the original [[Constitution of the Republic of China|1947 Constitution]]. The Legislative Yuan previously had 760 members representing constituencies in all of China (includes [[provinces of China|provinces]], [[direct-administered municipalities of China|municipalities]], [[Tibet Area (administrative division)|Tibet Area]], and various professions in [[Mainland China]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=立法院簡史 |url=https://www.ly.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=157&pid=6 |website=Legislative Yuan | date=23 July 2013 |access-date=2022-02-02 |language=zh-tw |quote=民國37年選出行憲第1屆立法委員760人}}</ref>

Until democratization, the Republic of China was an [[Authoritarianism|authoritarian]] state under the ''[[Dang Guo]]'' system. At the time, the Legislative Yuan functioned as a [[Rubber stamp (politics)|rubber stamp]] for the ruling regime of the [[Kuomintang]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1987/07/25/taiwans-slow-boat-to-democratic-change/e2ba4b5f-b65d-4f5f-bd5f-54e6654b10e9/ |title=TAIWAN'S SLOW BOAT TO DEMOCRATIC CHANGE |date=1987-07-25 |author1=Daniel Southerl |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |place=Washington, D.C. |issn=0190-8286 |oclc=1330888409}}</ref>

Like [[parliament]]s or [[congress]]es of other [[Sovereign state|countries]], the Legislative Yuan is responsible for the passage of [[legislation]], which is then sent to the [[President of the Republic of China|president]] for signing. For these similarities, it is also common for people to refer to the Legislative Yuan as "the parliament" ({{zh|t=國會|p=Guóhuì|poj=Kok-hōe|labels=no}}).

Under the current [[Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China|amended Constitution]], the Legislative Yuan, as the only parliamentary body, also holds the power to initiate several constitutional processes, including initiating [[constitutional amendment]]s (then determined by a [[Referendums in Taiwan|national referendum]]), [[Recall election|recalls]] of the president (then determined by a [[Presidential elections in Taiwan|recall vote]]), and [[impeachment]]s of the president (then tried by the [[Judicial Yuan|Constitutional Court]]).