Editing Lexus GS (section)

{{Short description|Executive car series by Lexus, 1991–2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2016}}
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Lexus GS
| image = Lexus GS 450h F Sport – Frontansicht, 17. Juni 2012, Düsseldorf.jpg
| caption = 2012 Lexus GS 450h F Sport (Germany)
| manufacturer =  [[Toyota]]
| aka = Toyota Aristo (Japan; 1991&ndash;2005)
| production = {{ubl
                 | October 1991{{snd}}July 2005 (Toyota Aristo)
                 | February 1993{{snd}}August 2020<ref name="eternaltouring">{{cite press release |title=LEXUS、GSに特別仕様車"Eternal Touring"を設定 |trans-title=Special model "Eternal Touring" set for Lexus GS |url=https://global.toyota/jp/newsroom/lexus/32231442.html |lang=JA |publisher=Toyota Global Newsroom |date=23 April 2020 |access-date=24 April 2020}}</ref> (Lexus GS)
                 }}
| model_years = 1994–2020

| class = [[Executive car]] ([[E-segment|E]])
| body_style = 4-door [[Sedan (automobile)|sedan]]
| layout = {{ubl
                 | [[Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive]]
                 | [[Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout|Front-engine, all-wheel-drive]] (except S160 model)
                 }}
| related = [[Toyota Crown]] (1991&ndash;2011)
| successor = <!-- The XZ10 series ES is NOT the direct successor to the GS, due to being built on a front-wheel drive platform, while the GS is built on a rear-wheel drive platform -->
| predecessor = 
}}

The {{nihongo|'''Lexus GS'''|Japanese: レクサス・GS|Rekusasu GS}} is an [[executive car]] ([[E-segment]] in Europe) manufactured and marketed by [[Lexus]] across four generations &mdash; launched in 1991 as the '''Toyota Aristo''' in Japan and as the Lexus GS for markets outside the [[Japanese Domestic Market|Japanese market]] beginning in February 1993. It continued with the Toyota Aristo name for the Japanese market until January 2005.

Lexus marketed the GS as a [[sports sedan|performance sedan]] competing in the [[Executive car|mid-luxury class]], between its compact executive [[Lexus IS|IS]] and large/flagship [[Lexus LS|LS]]. The GS shared its chassis with one of Toyota's longest-running nameplates, the [[Toyota Crown]] premium sedans until 2011.

The GS featured six-cylinder engines and [[rear-wheel drive]], with [[V8 engine|V8]] engines offered for all generations. [[All-wheel drive]] and [[hybrid car|hybrid]] versions debuted in 2005. Previously, all-wheel drive versions were already made available in the Japanese-market S140 series Aristo. The first two generations had a Japanese market equivalent, the Toyota Aristo (''[[wikt:aristo|aristo]]'' is Greek for "the best"), which was sold from 1991 until the Lexus [[marque]]'s Japanese debut in 2005. Though largely identical in exterior and interior design, the GS and the Aristo differed in their engine and transmission combinations as well as equipment packages. The GS name stands for Grand Sedan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/vehicle_lineage/car/id60012617/index.html |title=Lexus GS (GS430/GS350) |access-date=30 December 2012 |author=Toyota Motor Corporation}}</ref> However, some Lexus importers use the [[backronym]]ic name, Grand Sport.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lexus.com.au/smallprint/sitemap |title=Site Map |publisher=Lexus |location=Australia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140411052659/https://www.lexus.com.au/smallprint/sitemap |archive-date=11 April 2014}}</ref>

The first generation Lexus GS began sales in the [[United States]], [[Europe]] and selected Asian markets in 1993. It was originally introduced with an [[Straight-six engine|inline-six engine]] and exterior bodywork designed by [[Italdesign Giugiaro]]. The second generation model premiered in 1997, using a new platform,<ref name="Krebs">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/23/automobiles/behind-wheel-lexus-gs-300-gs-400-now-what-devil-has-gotten-into-lexus.html |title=Behind the Wheel/Lexus GS 300 and GS 400; Now What the Devil Has Gotten into Lexus? |first=Michelle |last=Krebs |work=The New York Times |date=23 November 1997 |access-date=3 August 2021}}</ref> in-house styling, and adding a V8 version for the first time outside Japan. The [[Lexus GS (S190)|third generation]] GS, which premiered globally for the 2006 model year, was produced in [[V6]], [[V8 engine|V8]], and [[hybrid vehicle|hybrid]] versions, the latter known as the GS 450h. The third generation models were the first GS sedans to be badged as such in the Japanese market.

The fourth generation Lexus GS premiered in August 2011 at the [[Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance]], where models introduced included the V6-powered GS 350, hybrid GS 450h, and performance-tuned [[Lexus F|F Sport]] variants. A lower-displacement V6 model, the GS 250, premiered at the [[Auto Guangzhou]] Exhibition in November 2011, targeted at Asian and European markets.<ref name=GS250>{{cite web |last=Lienert |first=Paul |url=http://www.insideline.com/lexus/gs-250/lexus-gs-250-unveiled-2011-guangzhou-auto-show.html |title=Lexus GS 250 Unveiled: 2011 Guangzhou Auto Show |publisher=Insideline.com |date=23 November 2011 |access-date=8 April 2012}}</ref> In some markets such as North America and Asia, the GS shares the mid-size sedan category in the Lexus lineup with the [[front-wheel drive]] [[Lexus ES|ES]], serving as its rear-wheel-drive counterpart.<ref>{{cite web |last=Jackson |first=Jim |url=http://www.nwitimes.com/business/columnists/jim-jackson/lexus-marks-midsize-luxury/article_153e59ba-22b8-546f-967f-bb25cad31576.html |title=Lexus marks midsize luxury |work=Northwest Indiana Times |date=18 December 2011 |access-date=8 April 2012}}</ref>

The GS was replaced in Europe by the [[Lexus ES]] from December 2018. The seventh generation ES is the first to be sold in Europe, replacing the GS in spite of being a front-wheel drive car.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/motor-shows-beijing-motor-show/lexus-es-revealed-driver-focused-%C2%A335150-gs-replacement |title=Lexus ES revealed as driver focused £35,150 GS replacement |first=Jimi |last=Beckwith |work=Autocar |location=United Kingdom |date=19 September 2018 |access-date=29 October 2018}}</ref> It went on sale from September 2018 in Russia, Turkey and other [[Commonwealth of Independent States|CIS]] markets and from December 2018 in Western and Central Europe.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://drivemag.com/news/lexus-details-europe-s-first-ever-es-sedan |title=European-spec 2019 Lexus ES gets detailed |first=Dan |last=Mihalascu |work=Drive Mag |location=Romania |date=24 May 2018 |access-date=23 August 2018}}</ref> Production ended in August 2020.<ref name="eternaltouring" />