Editing Lithium chloride (section)

{{short description|Chemical compound}}
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| verifiedrevid = 410218986
| ImageFile1 = Lithium chloride.jpg
| ImageName1 = Sample of lithium chloride in a watch glass
| ImageFile = Lithium-chloride-3D-ionic.png
| ImageSize = 150px
| ImageFile2 = File:NaCl polyhedra.svg
| ImageCaption2 = <span style="color:#C0C0C0; background-color:#C0C0C0;">__</span> [[Lithium|Li]]<sup>+</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color:#00FF00;background-color:#00FF00;">__</span> [[Chloride|Cl]]<sup>−</sup>
| ImageName = Unit cell model of lithium chloride
| PIN = Lithium chloride
| SystematicName = Lithium(1+) chloride
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| InChI1 = 1/ClH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
| InChIKey1 = KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-REWHXWOFAB
| CASNo = 7447-41-8
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 69710
| PubChem = 433294
| ChemSpiderID = 22449
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = G4962QA067
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 231-212-3
| UNNumber = 2056
| MeSHName = Lithium+chloride
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 48607
| RTECS = OJ5950000
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/ClH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| SMILES = [Li+].[Cl-]
| InChI = 1S/ClH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
| InChIKey = KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = LiCl
| Li=1|Cl=1
| Appearance = white solid <br> [[hygroscopic]], sharp
| Density = 2.068 g/cm<sup>3</sup> 
| Solubility = 68.29 g/100 mL (0&nbsp;°C)<br> 74.48 g/100 mL (10&nbsp;°C)<br> 84.25 g/100 mL (25&nbsp;°C)<br> 88.7 g/100 mL (40&nbsp;°C)<br> 123.44 g/100 mL (100&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[hydrazine]], [[n-Methylformamide|methylformamide]], [[n-Butanol|butanol]], [[selenium(IV) oxychloride]], [[1-propanol]]<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent1 = methanol
| Solubility1 = 45.2 g/100 g (0&nbsp;°C)<br> 43.8 g/100 g (20&nbsp;°C)<br> 42.36 g/100 g (25&nbsp;°C)<ref name=sioc>{{cite book|last1 = Seidell|first1 = Atherton|last2 = Linke|first2 = William F.|year = 1952|title = Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds|publisher = Van Nostrand|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=k2e5AAAAIAAJ|access-date = 2014-06-02}}</ref><br> 44.6 g/100 g (60&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister>[http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=614 lithium chloride<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| Solvent2 = ethanol
| Solubility2 = 14.42 g/100 g (0&nbsp;°C)<br> 24.28 g/100 g (20&nbsp;°C)<br> 25.1 g/100 g (30&nbsp;°C)<br> 23.46 g/100 g (60&nbsp;°C)<ref name=sioc />
| Solvent3 = formic acid
| Solubility3 = 26.6 g/100 g (18&nbsp;°C)<br> 27.5 g/100 g (25&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent4 = acetone
| Solubility4 = 1.2 g/100 g (20&nbsp;°C)<br> 0.83 g/100 g (25&nbsp;°C)<br> 0.61 g/100 g (50&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent5 = liquid ammonia
| Solubility5 = 0.54 g/100 g (−34&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister /><br> 3.02 g/100 g (25&nbsp;°C)
| MeltingPtC = 605–614
| BoilingPtC = 1382
| RefractIndex = 1.662 (24&nbsp;°C)
| VaporPressure = 1 torr (785&nbsp;°C)<br> 10 torr (934&nbsp;°C)<br> 100 torr (1130&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| Viscosity = 0.87 cP (807&nbsp;°C)<ref name=chemister />
| MagSus = −24.3·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
  }}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = Linear (gas)
| Coordination = Octahedral 
| Dipole = 7.13 D (gas)
  }}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −408.27 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister />
| DeltaGf = −384 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister />
| DeltaHc = 
| Entropy = 59.31 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister />
| HeatCapacity = 48.03 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister />
  }}
| Section6 = {{Chembox Pharmacology
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| ATCCode_suffix = CX11
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc07/icsc0711.htm ICSC 0711]
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=203637|name=Lithium chloride|accessdate=2014-05-09}}</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|315|319|335}}<ref name="sigma" />
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|305+351+338}}<ref name="sigma" />
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-F = 0
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| LD50 = 526 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref>[https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/7447-41-8 ChemIDplus - 7447-41-8 - KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Lithium chloride - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
  }}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Lithium fluoride]]<br/>[[Lithium bromide]]<br/>[[Lithium iodide]]<br/>[[Lithium astatide]]
| OtherCations = [[Sodium chloride]]<br/>[[Potassium chloride]]<br/>[[Rubidium chloride]]<br/>[[Caesium chloride]]<br/>[[Francium chloride]]
  }}
}}

'''Lithium chloride''' is a [[chemical compound]] with the [[chemical formula|formula]] [[Lithium|Li]][[Chlorine|Cl]]. The [[salt (chemistry)|salt]] is a typical [[ionic compound]] (with certain covalent characteristics), although the small size of the Li<sup>+</sup> ion gives rise to properties not seen for other alkali metal chlorides, such as extraordinary solubility in polar [[solvent]]s (83.05&nbsp;g/100&nbsp;mL of water at 20&nbsp;°C) and its [[hygroscopic]] properties.<ref name=Ullmann/>