Editing Lloyd Shapley (section)

{{for|Lloyd Stowell Shapley's grand-uncle, the United States navy captain|Lloyd Stowell Shapley}}
{{Short description|American mathematician (1923–2016)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2016}}
{{Infobox scientist
| image             = Shapley, Lloyd (1923).jpeg{{!}}border
| caption           = Shapley in 1980
| birth_name        = Lloyd Stowell Shapley
| birth_date        = {{Birth date|1923|6|2}}
| birth_place       = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], U.S.
| death_date        = {{death date and age|2016|3|12|1923|6|2}}
| death_place       = [[Tucson, Arizona]], U.S.
| alma_mater        = [[Harvard University]] ([[B. A.|BA]])<br>[[Princeton University]] ([[PhD]])
| spouse            = Marian Louise Shapley  (since 1955)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jain |first1=C |title=Spouse - source from NYTimes |work=The New York Times |date=March 15, 2016 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/15/business/economy/lloyd-s-shapley-92-nobel-laureate-and-a-father-of-game-theory-is-dead.html }}</ref>
| doctoral_advisor  = [[Albert W. Tucker]]<ref name=AWT_LSShapley>{{mathgenealogy|id=46053}}</ref>
| doctoral_students =
| thesis_title      = Additive and non-additive set functions
| thesis_url        = https://www.proquest.com/docview/302034176/
| thesis_year       = 1953
| known_for         = [[Shapley value]]<br />[[Shapley–Shubik power index]]<br />[[stochastic games]]<br />[[Bondareva–Shapley theorem]]<br />[[Shapley–Folkman lemma|Shapley–Folkman lemma
& theorem]]<br />[[Gale–Shapley algorithm]]<br />[[potential game]]<br />[[Core (game theory)|core]], kernel, and nucleolus <br />[[market games]]<br />[[authority distribution]]<br />multi-person utility<br />non-atomic games
| awards            = [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences]] (2012)<br>[[File:Bronze Star medal.jpg|10px]] [[Bronze Star Medal]] (1944)<br> [[Golden Goose Award]] (2013)<br>[[John von Neumann Theory Prize]] (1981)
| field             = [[Mathematics]], [[economics]]
| work_institution  = {{nowrap|[[University of California, Los Angeles]]}}<br />[[RAND Corporation]]<br />[[Princeton University]]
| website           = {{URL|http://www.econ.ucla.edu/shapley/}}
}}

'''Lloyd Stowell Shapley''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ʃ|æ|p|l|i}}; June 2, 1923 – March 12, 2016) was an American [[mathematician]] and [[Nobel Memorial Prize]]-winning [[economist]]. He contributed to the fields of [[mathematical economics]] and especially [[game theory]]. Shapley is generally considered one of the most important contributors to the development of game theory since the work of [[John von Neumann|von Neumann]] and [[Oskar Morgenstern|Morgenstern]].<ref>Roth, A.E., Introduction to the Shapley Value, in "The Shapley Value: Essays in Honor of Lloyd S. Shapley", Cambridge University Press, 1988.</ref> With [[Alvin E. Roth]], Shapley won the 2012 [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences]] "for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of [[market design]]."<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/freeexchange/2016/03/matchmaker-heaven|title=Lloyd Shapley, a Nobel laureate in economics, has died|newspaper=The Economist|issn=0013-0613|access-date=March 13, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://marketdesigner.blogspot.com/2016/03/lloyd-s-shapley-1923-2016.html|title=Lloyd S. Shapley 1923– 2016|last=Roth|first=Al|date=March 12, 2016|journal=Nature|volume=532|issue=7598|page=178|doi=10.1038/532178a|pmid=27075091|bibcode=2016Natur.532..178R|s2cid=4469185|access-date=March 13, 2016|doi-access=free}}</ref>