Editing Luce Irigaray (section)

{{Short description|Belgian-born French feminist, philosopher}}
{{BLP sources|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox philosopher
|region           = [[Western philosophy]]
|era              = [[Contemporary philosophy]]
|name              = Luce Irigaray
|image             =
|birth_date        = {{birth date and age|1930|05|03|df=y}}
|birth_place       = [[Blaton]], [[Bernissart]], [[Wallonia]], Belgium
|death_date        =
|death_place       =
|alma_mater        = [[Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968)|Catholic University of Louvain]]
|institutions      = [[University of Paris VIII]]
|school_tradition  = [[Continental philosophy]]<br>[[Difference feminism]]<br>[[Post-structural feminism]]<br>[[French feminism]]<ref>Kelly Ives, ''Cixous, Irigaray, Kristeva: The Jouissance of French Feminism'', Crescent Moon Publishing, 2016.</ref>
|notable_ideas     = [[Phallocentrism|Phallogocentric arguments]], "women on the market"<ref>Luce Irigaray, "Women on the Market", in: ''This Sex Which Is Not One'', Cornell University Press, 1985, p. 170.</ref>
|main_interests=[[Linguistics]], [[psychoanalysis]], [[feminist philosophy]], [[gender identity]]
}}
{{Feminist philosophy sidebar}}

'''Luce Irigaray''' ({{IPAc-en|ɪər|ɪ|g|ɑː|ˈ|r|eɪ}};<ref>{{YouTube|id=d6pfAZ0MxYw|Always Other and the Same: Figures of Time in Aristotle and Irigaray—Rebecca Hill, RMIT University – Department of Comparative Literature, NYU|time=0m32s}}</ref> born 3 May 1930) is a [[Belgium|Belgian]]-born [[French people|French]] feminist, philosopher, [[linguist]], [[psycholinguist]], [[psychoanalyst]], and [[Cultural studies|cultural theorist]] who examines the uses and misuses of language in relation to women.<ref name=":0" />

Irigaray's first and most well known book, published in 1974, was ''Speculum of the Other Woman'' (1974), which analyzes the texts of [[Sigmund Freud|Freud]], [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], [[Plato]], [[Aristotle]], [[René Descartes|Descartes]], and [[Immanuel Kant|Kant]] through the lens of [[phallocentrism]]. Irigaray is the author of works analyzing many thinkers, including ''This Sex Which Is Not One'' (1977),<ref>{{Cite book|title=Routledge International Encyclopedia of Queer Culture|publisher=Routledge|year=2006|isbn=0-415-30651-5|editor-last=Gerstner|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/routledgeinterna0000unse/page/309 309]|url=https://archive.org/details/routledgeinterna0000unse/page/309}}</ref> which discusses [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan]]'s work as well as political economy; ''Elemental Passions'' (1982) can be read as a response to [[Maurice Merleau-Ponty|Merleau‐Ponty]]'s article “The Intertwining—The Chiasm” in ''The Visible and the Invisible'',<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Sjöholm|first=Cecilia|date=2000|title=Crossing Lovers: Luce Irigaray's Elemental Passions|journal=Hypatia|language=en|volume=15|issue=3|pages=92–112|doi=10.1111/j.1527-2001.2000.tb00332.x|s2cid=143882714|issn=1527-2001}}</ref> and in ''The Forgetting of Air in Martin Heidegger'' (1999), Irigaray critiques [[Martin Heidegger|Heidegger]]'s emphasis on the element of earth as the ground of life and speech and his "oblivion" or forgetting of air.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://philpapers.org/rec/IRITFO|title=The Forgetting of Air in Martin Heidegger|last=Irigaray|first=Luce|date=1999|publisher=University of Texas Press}}</ref>

Irigaray employs three different modes<ref>{{Cite book|title=Cixous, Irigaray, Kristeva: The Jouissance of French Feminism (European Writers)|last=Ives|first=Kelly|publisher=Crescent Moon Publishing|year=2016|isbn=978-1861715470|location=Maidstone, Kent|pages=28}}</ref> in her investigations into the nature of gender, language, and [[Cultural identity|identity]]: the analytic, the essayistic, and the [[Lyric poetry|lyrical poetic]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Elemental passions|last=Irigaray, Luce.|date=1992|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0415906911|location=New York|oclc=27376081}}</ref> As of October 2021, she is active in the Women's Movements in both [[France]] and [[Italy]].<ref name="iep.utm.edu">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.iep.utm.edu/irigaray/ |title=Luce Irigaray (1932?—) |encyclopedia=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy}}</ref>