Editing Luteinizing hormone (section)

{{Short description|Gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
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{{Infobox protein
| Name       = Chorionic Luteinizing hormone alpha
| caption    = 
| image      = File:Protein CGA PDB 1dz7.png
| width      = 
| HGNCid     = 1885
| Symbol     = [[Chorionic gonadotropin alpha|CGA]]
| AltSymbols = HCG, GPHa, GPHA1
| EntrezGene = 1081
| OMIM       = 118850
| RefSeq     = NM_000735
| UniProt    = P01215
| PDB        = 
| ECnumber   = 
| Chromosome = 6
| Arm        = q
| Band       = 14
| LocusSupplementaryData = -q21
}}
{{Infobox protein
| Name       = [[Luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide]]
| caption    = 
| image      = 
| width      = 500
| HGNCid     = 6584
| Symbol     = [[Luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide|LHB]]
| AltSymbols = 
| EntrezGene = 3972
| OMIM       = 152780
| RefSeq     = NM_000894
| UniProt    = P01229
| PDB        = 
| ECnumber   = 
| Chromosome = 19
| Arm        = q
| Band       = 13.3
| LocusSupplementaryData = 
}}

'''Luteinizing hormone''' ('''LH''', also known as '''luteinising hormone''',<ref>{{Citation |title=GCSE Science Revision Biology "The Menstrual Cycle" | date=17 April 2018 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXswGsfeHJg |language=en |access-date=23 March 2022}}</ref> '''lutropin''' and sometimes '''lutrophin'''<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ujihara M, Yamamoto K, Nomura K, Toyoshima S, Demura H, Nakamura Y, Ohmura K, Osawa T | title = Subunit-specific sulphation of oligosaccharides relating to charge-heterogeneity in porcine lutrophin isoforms | journal = Glycobiology | volume = 2 | issue = 3 | pages = 225–231 | date = June 1992 | pmid = 1498420 | doi = 10.1093/glycob/2.3.225 }}</ref>) is a [[hormone]] produced by [[gonadotropic cell]]s in the [[anterior pituitary gland]]. The production of LH is regulated by [[gonadotropin-releasing hormone]] (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stamatiades GA, Kaiser UB | title = Gonadotropin regulation by pulsatile GnRH: Signaling and gene expression | journal = Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology | volume = 463 | pages = 131–141 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29102564 | pmc = 5812824 | doi = 10.1016/j.mce.2017.10.015 | series = Signaling Pathways Regulating Pituitary Functions }}</ref> In females, an acute rise of LH known as an '''LH surge''', triggers [[ovulation]]<ref name="Georgia">{{cite book| title= Essentials of Human Physiology| vauthors = Nosek TM | chapter=Section 5/5ch9/s5ch9_5 |chapter-url= http://humanphysiology.tuars.com/program/section5/5ch9/s5ch9_5.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324124828/http://humanphysiology.tuars.com/program/section5/5ch9/s5ch9_5.htm |archive-date = 24 March 2016 }}</ref> and development of the [[corpus luteum]]. In males, where LH had also been called '''interstitial cell–stimulating hormone''' ('''ICSH'''),<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Louvet JP, Harman SM, Ross GT | title = Effects of human chorionic gonadotropin, human interstitial cell stimulating hormone and human follicle-stimulating hormone on ovarian weights in estrogen-primed hypophysectomized immature female rats | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 96 | issue = 5 | pages = 1179–1186 | date = May 1975 | pmid = 1122882 | doi = 10.1210/endo-96-5-1179 }}</ref> it stimulates [[Leydig cell]] production of [[testosterone]].<ref name="Georgia" /> It acts synergistically with follicle-stimulating hormone ([[Follicle-stimulating hormone|FSH]]).