Editing M1 Garand (section)

{{short description|American semi-automatic rifle}}
{{Redirect|Garand}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name               = U.S. Rifle, Caliber .30, M1
| image              = M1 Garand rifle USA noBG new.png
| image_size         = 300
| caption            = M1 Garand rifle from the collection of the [[Swedish Army Museum]], Stockholm
| type               = [[Semi-automatic rifle]]
| service            = {{plainlist|
*1936–1957 (as the standard U.S. service rifle)<ref>U.S. Department of the Interior. (n.d.). Springfield Armory: The best battle implement ever devised (U.S. National Park Service). National Park Service. Retrieved 18 February 2023, from https://www.nps.gov/articles/springfieldarmoryww2.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005120441/https://www.nps.gov/articles/springfieldarmoryww2.htm|archive-date=5 October 2022}}</ref>
*1940s–present (other countries)}}
| wars               = {{plainlist|
* [[World War II]]
* [[Chinese Civil War]]
* [[Indonesian National Revolution]]
* [[Korean War]]
* [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]]
* [[Hukbalahap Rebellion]]<ref>{{cite book |title=The M1903 Springfield Rifle |series=Weapon 23 |first=Leroy |last=Thompson |date=20 February 2013 |isbn=9781780960111|publisher=[[Osprey Publishing]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LXKICwAAQBAJ |page=63}}</ref>
* [[Indo-Pakistani Wars]]
* [[First Indochina War]]
* [[Algerian War]]<ref name ="Algeria">{{cite magazine |language=fr |magazine=Gazette des Armes |issue=220 |date=March 1992 |title=L'armement français en A.F.N. |pages=12–16 |url=http://fr.1001mags.com/parution/gazette-des-armes/numero-220-mars-1992/page-14-15-texte-integral}}</ref>
* [[Suez Crisis]]
* [[Second Taiwan Strait Crisis]]
* [[1958 Lebanon crisis]]
* [[Cuban Revolution]]<ref name="mcnab2002">{{cite book |last=McNab |first=Chris |title=20th Century Military Uniforms |year=2002 |edition=2nd |publisher=Grange Books |location=Kent |isbn=978-1-84013-476-6 |page=49}}</ref>
* [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]]<ref>{{cite book |title=The Bay of Pigs: Cuba 1961 |series=Elite 166 |first=Alejandro |last= de Quesada |date=10 January 2009 |isbn=978-1-84603-323-0 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |pages=60–61}}</ref>
* [[Vietnam War]]
* [[Laotian Civil War]]
* [[1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War]]
* [[Dominican Civil War]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Power Pack: U.S. Intervention in the Dominican Republic, 1965-1966 |series=Leavenworth Papers, Number 15|last=Yates|first= Lawrence A. |date=July 1988|page= 123|publisher= [[United States Army Command and General Staff College]]|url= https://history.army.mil/html/bookshelves/resmat/dom_republic/Power_Pack-US_Intervention_Dominican_Republic_1965-1966.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150906182310/http://www.history.army.mil/html/bookshelves/resmat/dom_republic/Power_Pack-US_Intervention_Dominican_Republic_1965-1966.pdf|url-status= dead|archive-date= 6 September 2015}}</ref>
* [[Six-Day War]]<ref name="Arabs">{{cite book |title=Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 1948–73 |series=Men-at-Arms 128 |first=John |last=Laffin |date=15 June 1982 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |isbn=978-0-85045-451-2 |page=34}}</ref>
* [[Football War]]
* [[Cambodian Civil War]]
* [[Black September]]<ref name="Arabs2">{{cite book |title=Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars (2) |url=https://archive.org/details/arabarmiesmiddle02katz |url-access=limited |series=Men-at-Arms 128 |first=Sam |last=Katz |date=24 March 1988 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |isbn=978-0-85045-800-8 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/arabarmiesmiddle02katz/page/n38 40]–41}}</ref>
* [[Sandinista Revolution]]
* [[Angolan Civil War]]
* [[Lebanese Civil War]]
* [[Iran–Iraq War]]
* [[War in Afghanistan]]
* [[First Liberian Civil War]]
* [[Gulf War]]
* [[The Troubles]]<ref name="mult">{{cite book |last=Taylor |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Taylor (journalist) |title=Provos The IRA & Sinn Féin |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] |year=1997 |isbn=978-1-84908-621-9 |page=62}}</ref>
* [[Operation Uphold Democracy]]
* [[Maluku sectarian conflict]]
* [[Iraq War]]
* [[Syrian civil war]]}}
| designer           = [[John Garand|John C. Garand]]
| number             = 5,468,772<ref>{{cite book |last=Thompson |first=Leroy |title=The M1 Garand |publisher=Osprey |year=2012|location=Oxford |page=33 |isbn=978-1-84908-621-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k-C6CwAAQBAJ}}</ref>
| spec_label         = 
| length             = {{convert|43.5|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| action             = [[Gas-operated reloading|Gas-operated]], [[Closed bolt|closed]] [[rotating bolt]]
| origin             = United States
<!-- SEE TALK PAGE BEFORE CHANGING WEAPON TYPE-->| is_ranged          = yes
| used_by            = See ''[[#Users|Users]]''
| design_date        = 1928
| manufacturer       = {{plainlist|
* [[Springfield Armory]]
* [[Winchester Repeating Arms Company|Winchester]]
* [[H & R Firearms|Harrington & Richardson]]
* [[International Harvester]]
* [[Beretta]]
* Breda<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.smallarmsreview.com/pdf/Berettatypee.pdf |title=The Beretta "Type E" Garand, Variations on John Garand's Combat Proven M1 |magazine=The Small Arms Review |volume=7 |issue=9 |date=June 2004 |last=Ball |first=Bill |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111027203952/http://www.smallarmsreview.com/pdf/Berettatypee.pdf |archive-date=27 October 2011}}</ref>
* F.M.A.P.
* [[Springfield Armory, Inc.]] (civilian)
* McCann Industries (civilian)}}
| unit_cost          = About $85 (during World War II) ({{Inflation|US|85|1943|r=-1|fmt=eq}})
| production_date    = 1934–1957
| variants           = ''See [[#Variants|Variants]]''
| weight             = {{convert|9.5|lb|kg|2|abbr=on}} to {{convert|11.6|lb|abbr=on}}
| part_length        = {{convert|24|in|abbr=on|1}}
| cartridge          = {{Plainlist|
* [[.30-06 Springfield]]
* [[7.62×51mm NATO]]
}}
| rate               = 40–50 rounds/min
| velocity           = {{convert|2800|ft/s|0|abbr=on}}
| range              = {{convert|500|yd|0|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.biggerhammer.net/manuals/tm9100522212/M1GARA.PDF |title=U.S. Department of the Army Technical Manual No. 9-1005-222-12 |page=13 |date=17 March 1969 |access-date=18 May 2007 |via=Biggerhammer.net}}</ref>
| feed               = 8-round [[Clip (ammunition)#En bloc|''en bloc'' clip]], [[internal box magazine]]<ref>Fortier, D. M. (Ed.). (2021, 15 April). The M1 Garand rifle, what made it great?. Firearms News. https://www.firearmsnews.com/editorial/m1-garand-rifle-what-made-it-great/391738</ref>
| sights             = * Rear: adjustable aperture
* Front: wing protected post
}}

The '''M1 Garand''' or '''M1 rifle'''<!--This is the spelling on the title page, don't change it!--><ref group="nb">Officially designated as '''U.S. rifle, caliber .30, M1''', later simply called '''Rifle, Caliber .30, M1''', also called '''US Rifle, Cal. .30, M1'''</ref> is a [[semi-automatic rifle]] that was the [[service rifle]] of the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] during [[World War II]] and the [[Korean War]].

The rifle is chambered for the [[.30-06 Springfield]] cartridge and is named after its [[Canadian Americans|Canadian-American]] designer, [[John Garand]]. It was the first standard-issue [[autoloading rifle]] for the United States.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=US Rifle, Caliber .30in ('Garand'), M1-M1E9, MiC, M1D, T26 |last1=Hogg |first1=Ian V. |last2=Weeks |first2=John |date=1977 |edition=2nd |title=Military Small-Arms of the 20th Century |location=London |publisher=Arms & Armour Press |page=183 |isbn=978-0-88254-436-6}}</ref> By most accounts, the M1 rifle performed well. General [[George S. Patton]] called it "the greatest battle implement ever devised".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/springfieldarmoryww2.htm |title=The Best Battle Implement Ever Devised |website=[[Springfield Armory]] |access-date=28 April 2020}}</ref><ref name="Pendergast 2000 102">{{cite encyclopedia |last1=Pendergast |first1=Sara |last2=Pendergast |first2=Tom |title=Firearms| encyclopedia=St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture |page=102 |publisher=St. James Press |year=2000 |isbn=978-1-55862-405-4}}</ref> The M1 replaced the ([[bolt-action]]) [[M1903 Springfield]] as the U.S. service rifle in 1936,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thegca.org/history-of-the-m1-garand-rifle/ |title=History of the M1 Garand Rifle |first=Bob |last=Seijas |website=Garand Collectors Association |language=en-US |access-date=3 December 2019}}</ref> and was itself replaced by the ([[selective fire|selective-fire]]) [[M14 rifle]] on 26 March 1958.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.americanrifleman.org/articles/2016/4/28/the-m14-rifle-john-garand-s-final-legacy/ |title=The M14 Rifle: John Garand's Final Legacy |first=Bruce |last=Canfield |date=28 April 2016 |magazine=[[American Rifleman]] |language=en |access-date=3 December 2019}}</ref>