Editing MPEG-1 (section)

{{short description|Video encoding standard}}

{{Infobox file format
| name          = Moving Picture Experts Group Phase 1 (MPEG-1)
| icon          = 
| logo          = 
| extension     = <span style="font-family: monospace;">.mpeg, .mpg, .mpe, .mp1, .mp2, .mp3, .m1v, .m1a, .m2a, .m2v, .mpa, .mpv</span>
| mime          = audio/mpeg, video/mpeg
| owner         = [[MPEG]] (part of [[ISO/IEC JTC 1]])
| typecode      = 
| uniform type  = 

| magic         = 
| genre         = audio, video, container
| released      = {{start date and age|1991|12|06|df=y}}<ref name="11172-draft-cite"/>
| latest_release_version = ISO/IEC TR 11172-5:1998
| latest_release_date = {{start date and age|1998|10|df=y}}
| container for = 
| contained by  = 
| extended from = [[JPEG]], [[H.261]]
| extended to   = [[MPEG-2]]
| standard      = [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]/[[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] 11172
| open          = Yes
| free          = Yes
}}

'''MPEG-1''' is a [[Technical standard|standard]] for [[lossy]] compression of [[video]] and [[Audio frequency|audio]]. It is designed to compress [[VHS]]-quality raw digital video and CD audio down to about 1.5&nbsp;Mbit/s (26:1 and 6:1 compression ratios respectively)<ref name= mpeg_faqs1 /> without excessive quality loss, making [[video CD]]s, digital [[Cable television|cable]]/[[Satellite television|satellite]] TV and [[digital audio broadcasting]] (DAB) practical.<ref name=Didier_MPEG/><ref name=kurihama89>{{Citation|first=Leonardo |last=Chiariglione |title=Kurihama 89 press release |date=October 21, 1989 |publisher=[[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]/[[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] |url=http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/meetings/kurihama89/kurihama_press.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805102339/http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/meetings/kurihama89/kurihama_press.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 5, 2010|access-date=2008-04-09}}</ref>

Today, MPEG-1 has become the most widely compatible lossy audio/video format in the world, and is used in a large number of products and technologies. Perhaps the best-known part of the MPEG-1 standard is the first version of the [[MP3]] audio format it introduced.

The MPEG-1 standard is published as '''[[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]/[[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] 11172''', titled ''Information technology—Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1.5&nbsp;Mbit/s''.

The standard consists of the following five ''Parts'':<ref name="jtc1-sc29">{{cite web |url=http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc29/29w42911.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231054907/http://kikaku.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc29/29w42911.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-12-31 |title=Programme of Work — Allocated to SC 29/WG 11, MPEG-1 (Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s) |author=ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 |date=2009-10-30 |access-date=2009-11-10}}</ref><ref name="part1">{{cite web |url=http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=19180 |title=ISO/IEC 11172-1:1993 – Information technology – Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s – Part 1: Systems |author=ISO |access-date=2016-11-11 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112150930/http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=19180 |archive-date=2016-11-12 }}</ref><ref name="mpeg-achievemnts">{{cite web |url=http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/achievements.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080708183405/http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/achievements.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2008-07-08 |title=About MPEG – Achievements |author=MPEG |publisher=chiariglione.org |access-date=2009-10-31}}</ref><ref name="mpeg-terms-of-reference">{{cite web|url=http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/terms_of_reference.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100221015538/http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/terms_of_reference.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2010-02-21 |title=Terms of Reference |author=MPEG |publisher=chiariglione.org |access-date=2009-10-31 }}</ref><ref name="mpeg-standards">{{cite web|url=http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420192552/http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2010-04-20 |title=MPEG standards – Full list of standards developed or under development|author=MPEG|publisher=chiariglione.org|access-date=2009-10-31}}</ref>
#Systems (defining a format for [[muxing|storage and synchronization of video, audio, and other data together]] in a single file—later dubbed the [[MPEG program stream]] to distinguish it from the [[MPEG transport stream]] format introduced as an alternative in [[MPEG-2]]).
#Video (compressed video content)
#Audio (compressed audio content), including [[MP3]] and [[MPEG-1 Audio Layer II|MP2]]
#Conformance testing (testing the correctness of implementations of the standard)
#Reference software (example software showing how to encode and decode according to the standard)