Editing Mackem (section)

{{Short description|Nickname for residents of and people from Sunderland, North East England}}
{{distinguish|Makkum (disambiguation){{!}}Makkum}} {{For| the American anatomic pathologist and physician-scientist born in 1954|Susan Mackem}}
{{EngvarB|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
'''Mackem''', '''Makem''' or '''Mak'em''' is a [[nickname]] for residents of and people from [[Sunderland, Tyne and Wear|Sunderland]], a city in [[North East England]]. It is also a name for the local dialect and accent (not to be confused with [[Geordie]]); and for a fan, of whatever origin, of [[Sunderland A.F.C.]] It has been used by (a proportion of) the people of Sunderland to describe themselves since the 1980s, prior to which it was mainly used in [[Tyneside]] as a disparaging [[exonym]].<ref name="Mackem">{{cite web |url=http://wp.sunderland.ac.uk/seagullcity/mackem/|title=Mackem|access-date=20 September 2017 |publisher=Seagull City|year=2017}}</ref> An alternative name for a Mackem (except in the sense of a football supporter) is a [[Wearside]]r.

According to the [[British Library]], "Locals insist there are significant differences between Geordie [spoken in Newcastle upon Tyne] and several other local dialects, such as [[Pitmatic]] and Mackem. Pitmatic is the dialect of the former mining areas in County Durham and around Ashington to the north of Newcastle upon Tyne, while Mackem is used locally to refer to the dialect of the city of Sunderland and the surrounding urban area of Wearside."<ref>[https://www.bl.uk/british-accents-and-dialects/articles/geordie-a-regional-dialect-of-english Geordie: A regional dialect of English]</ref>