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Maithili language
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{{Short description|Indo-Aryan language spoken in India and Nepal}} {{Distinguish|text=the [[Meitei language]]}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}} {{Use British English|date=December 2024}} {{Infobox language | name = Maithili | nativename = मैथिली | pronunciation = {{IPA|mai|ˈməi̯tʰɪliː|}} | image = {{Photomontage|position=center | photo1a = Maithili in Devanagari and Tirhuta.png | size = 250 | spacing = 2 | color = | Bold = 100 | border = 3 | foot_montage = }} | imagesize = | imagecaption = The word '''Maithili''' written in [[Devanagari]] and [[Tirhuta]] scripts | imagescale = | states = [[India]] and [[Nepal]] | nation = *[[Languages with official status in India|India]] ** [[Jharkhand]]<ref>{{cite news |title=झारखंड : रघुवर सरकार कैबिनेट से मगही, भोजपुरी, मैथिली व अंगिका को द्वितीय भाषा का दर्जा |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/news/ranchi/jharkhand-raghubar-das-cabinet-decision-maithili-bhojpuri-angika-magahi-second-language/1135878.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321180643/https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/news/ranchi/jharkhand-raghubar-das-cabinet-decision-maithili-bhojpuri-angika-magahi-second-language/1135878.html |archive-date=21 March 2018 |work=[[Prabhat Khabar]] |date=21 March 2018 |access-date=21 March 2018}}</ref> (additional) *[[Languages of Nepal|Nepal]] ** [[Koshi Province]] ** [[Madhesh Province]] | region = [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]] | ethnicity = [[Maithils|Maithil]] | speakers = {{sigfig|21.700000|2}} million | date = 2000–2021 | ref = e27 | map = Maithili_map.png | familycolor = Indo-European | fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]] | fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]] | fam4 = [[Eastern Indo-Aryan languages|Eastern]] | fam5 = [[Bihari languages|Bihari]] | ancestor = [[Magadhi Prakrit]] | ancestor2 = Magadhan [[Apabhraṃśa]] | ancestor3 = [[Abahattha]] | dia1 = [[Thēthi]] | script = *[[Devanagari]] (Official) *[[Tirhuta script]] (Historical) | iso2 = mai | iso3 = mai | glotto = mait1250 | glottorefname = Maithili | agency = [[Sahitya Akademi]], [[Maithili Academy]], [[Maithili - Bhojpuri Academy, Delhi]], [[Nepal Academy]] | mapcaption = Maithili-speaking region of India and Nepal | dia2 = [[Eastern Maithili]] }} '''Maithili''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|aɪ|t|ᵻ|l|i}} {{respell|MY|til|ee}},<ref>{{OED|Maithili}}</ref> {{IPA|mai|ˈməi̯tʰɪliː|lang}}) is an [[Indo-Aryan language]] spoken in parts of [[India]] and [[Nepal]]. It is native to the [[Mithila region]], which encompasses parts of the eastern Indian states of [[Bihar]] and [[Jharkhand]] as well as Nepal's [[Koshi Province|Koshi]] and [[Madhesh Province]]s. It is one of the 22 scheduled [[languages of India]].<ref name="mha.nic.in">{{Cite web |title=Constitutional provisions relating to Eighth Schedule |url=http://mha.nic.in/hindi/sites/upload_files/mhahindi/files/pdf/Eighth_Schedule.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010536/http://mha.nic.in/hindi/sites/upload_files/mhahindi/files/pdf/Eighth_Schedule.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=27 June 2018}}</ref><ref name="script experts meet">{{cite news |date=21 March 2018 |title=मैथिली लिपि को बढ़ावा देने के लिए विशेषज्ञों की जल्द ही बैठक बुला सकते हैं प्रकाश जावड़ेकर |url=https://khabar.ndtv.com/news/india/prakash-javadekar-likely-to-call-meeting-of-experts-to-promote-maithili-script-1826774 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321192835/https://khabar.ndtv.com/news/india/prakash-javadekar-likely-to-call-meeting-of-experts-to-promote-maithili-script-1826774 |trans-title= Prakash Javadekar likely to call meeting of experts to promote Maithili script |archive-date=21 March 2018 |access-date=21 March 2018 |work=NDTV News |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="m.livehindustan.com">{{Cite web |date=6 March 2018 |title=मैथिली को भी मिलेगा दूसरी राजभाषा का दर्जा |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/story-maithili-will-get-second-state-language-status-in-jharkhand-1835624.html |access-date=3 January 2020 |website=Hindustan}}</ref> It is the second most commonly spoken native [[languages of Nepal|Nepalese language]] constitutionally{{sfnp|National Statistics Office|2023|p=32}}<ref name=e27/><ref name="Sah2013">{{Cite journal |last=Sah, K. K. |year=2013 |title=Some perspectives on Maithili |journal=Nepalese Linguistics |issue=28 |pages=179–188}}</ref> registered as one of the fourteen provincial official [[languages of Nepal]].<ref name="langcomreport"/> It is spoken by 21.7 million people. Of those, 3.2 million are [[Nepalis|Nepalese speakers]].<ref name=e27/> The language is predominantly written in [[Devanagari]], but the historical [[Tirhuta script|Tirhuta]] and [[Kaithi]] scripts retained some use until today.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maithili Script and Spelling |url=http://lisindia.ciil.org/Maithili/Maith_Script.html |access-date=17 December 2024 |website=lisindia.ciil.org}}</ref>
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