Editing Mandrill (section)

{{Short description|Species of Old World monkey from Africa}}
{{About|the primate}}
{{Distinguish|mandrel}}
{{Featured article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Use American English|date=May 2022}}
{{Speciesbox
| name              = Mandrill
| status            = VU
| status_system     = IUCN3.1
| status_ref        = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn|author=Abernethy, K.|author2=Maisels, F.|date=2019|title=''Mandrillus sphinx''|page=e.T12754A17952325|doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T12754A17952325.en|access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref>
| status2           = CITES_A1
| status2_system    = CITES
| status2_ref       = <ref name=iucn/>
| image             = Mandrill Albert September 2015 Zoo Berlin (2).jpg
| image_caption     = Male mandrill at [[Berlin Zoological Garden]]
| genus             = Mandrillus
| species           = sphinx
| authority         = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])<ref>{{cite book|last=Linné|first=C. v.|title=Systema naturæ. Regnum animale|volume=1|year=1758|chapter=''Simia sphinx''|page=25|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/carolilinnisys00linn/page/25/mode/1up|edition=10th|publisher=Sumptibus Guilielmi Engelmann}}</ref>
| range_map         = Mandrill area.png
| range_map_caption = Mandrill distribution
| synonyms          = ''Simia sphinx'' <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
}}

The '''mandrill''' ('''''Mandrillus sphinx''''') is a large [[Old World monkey]] native to west central Africa. It is one of the most colorful mammals in the world, with red and blue skin on its face and posterior. The species is [[Sexual dimorphism|sexually dimorphic]], as males have a larger body, longer canine teeth and brighter coloring. Its closest living relative is the [[Drill (animal)|drill]], with which it shares the [[genus]] ''[[Mandrillus]]''. Both species were traditionally thought to be [[baboon]]s, but further evidence has shown that they are more closely related to [[white-eyelid mangabey]]s.

Mandrills mainly live in [[tropical rainforest]]s but will also travel across [[savanna]]s. They are [[Diurnality|active during the day]] and spend most of their time on the ground. Their preferred foods are fruit and seeds, but mandrills will consume leaves, [[pith]]s, mushrooms, and animals from insects to juvenile [[bay duiker]]. Mandrills live in large, stable groups known as "hordes" which can number in the hundreds. Females form the core of these groups, while adult males are solitary and only reunite with the larger groups during the breeding season. Dominant males have the most vibrant colors and fattest flanks and rumps, and have the most success siring young.

The mandrill is classified as [[Vulnerable species|vulnerable]] on the [[IUCN Red List]]. Its biggest threats are [[habitat destruction]] and hunting for [[bushmeat]]. [[Gabon]] is considered the stronghold for the species. Its habitat has declined in [[Cameroon]] and [[Equatorial Guinea]], while its range in the [[Republic of the Congo]] is limited.