Editing Manfred (section)

{{Short description|Dramatic poem by Lord Byron, 1816–1817}}
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{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
[[File:Manfred Byron 1st edition.jpg|thumb|1817 [[first edition]], [[John Murray (publishing house)|John Murray, London]].]] [[File:Thomas Cole - Scene from Byron’s “Manfred” - 1968.102 - Yale University Art Gallery.jpg|right|thumb|''Scene from Byron's "Manfred"'', by [[Thomas Cole]], 1833]]
'''''Manfred: A dramatic poem''''' is a [[Closet drama|closet drama]] written in 1816–1817 by [[Lord Byron]]. It contains [[supernatural]] elements, in keeping with the popularity of the [[ghost story]] in England at the time. It is a typical example of [[Gothic fiction]].

Byron commenced this work in late 1816, a few months after the famous ghost-story sessions with [[Percy Bysshe Shelley]] and [[Mary Shelley]] that provided the initial impetus for ''[[Frankenstein|Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus]]''. The [[supernatural]] references are made clear throughout the poem.

''Manfred'' was adapted musically by [[Robert Schumann]] in 1848–1849, in a composition entitled ''[[Manfred (Schumann)|Manfred: Dramatic Poem with Music in Three Parts]]'', and in 1885 by [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]] in his ''[[Manfred Symphony]]''. [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] was inspired by the poem's depiction of a super-human being to compose a piano score in 1872 based on it, "Manfred Meditation".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.critical-theory.com/the-musical-equivalent-of-a-crime-in-the-moral-world-the-music-of-friedrich-nietzsche/|title=The Musical Equivalent of a "Crime in the Moral World," the Music of Friedrich Nietzsche|date=18 March 2015|access-date=29 June 2017}}</ref>