Editing Manner of articulation (section)

{{Short description|Configuration and interaction of the articulators when making a speech sound}}
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[[Image:Illu01 head neck.jpg|thumb|Human vocal tract]]
[[File:Real-time MRI - Speaking (English).ogv|thumb|Articulation visualized by [[real-time MRI]].]]

<span lang="en" dir="ltr">In</span> [[articulatory phonetics]], the '''manner of articulation''' is the configuration and interaction of the articulators ([[speech organs]] such as the tongue, lips, and palate) when making a [[speech sound]]. One parameter of manner is ''stricture,'' that is, how closely the speech organs approach one another. Others include those involved in the [[rhotic consonant|r-like]] sounds ([[flap consonant|taps]] and [[trill consonant|trills]]), and the [[sibilant|sibilancy]] of [[fricative consonant|fricative]]s.

The concept of manner is mainly used in the discussion of [[consonant]]s, although the movement of the articulators will also greatly alter the resonant properties of the [[vocal tract]], thereby changing the [[formant]] structure of speech sounds that is crucial for the identification of [[vowel]]s. For consonants, the [[place of articulation]] and the degree of [[phonation]] or voicing are considered separately from manner, as being independent parameters. [[Homorganic consonants]], which have the same place of articulation, may have different manners of articulation. Often [[nasalization|nasality]] and [[lateral consonant|laterality]] are included in manner, but some phoneticians, such as [[Peter Ladefoged]], consider them to be independent.