Editing Matthiola (section)

{{short description|Genus of flowering plants in the cabbage family Brassicaceae}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Edwards's botanical register (Plate 25) (7949439164).jpg
|image_caption = ''Matthiola'' sp. (artist: [[Sarah Ann Drake]])
|taxon = Matthiola
|authority = [[W.T.Aiton]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text
|synonyms_ref=<ref name="331760-2" >{{cite web |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331760-2 |title=''Matthiola'' W.T.Aiton |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=17 May 2021 }}</ref>
|synonyms=
*''Acinotum'' <small>Rchb.</small>
*''Gakenia'' <small>Heist. ex Fabr.</small>
*''Mathiolaria'' <small>Chevall.</small>
*''Mattiola'' <small>Sanguin.</small>
*''Promicrantha'' <small>Dvorák</small>
*''Triceras'' <small>Andrz. ex Rchb.</small>
}}

'''''Matthiola''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|m|æ|θ|i|ˈ|oʊ|l|ə}}) is a [[genus]] of flowering plant in the mustard family [[Brassicaceae]].<ref>''Sunset Western Garden Book.'' 1995. 606–07.</ref> It is named after Italian naturalist [[Pietro Andrea Mattioli]] (1501–1577). The genus contains about 50 species of [[annual plant|annual]], [[biennial plant|biennial]] and [[perennial]] herbaceous plants and [[subshrub]]s.<ref name="331760-2" /><ref name=jaen>Jaén-Molina, R., et al. (2009) [http://www.bioclimac.com/mbdna/images/stories/caratulas-publication/04.pdf The molecular phylogeny of ''Matthiola'' R. Br.(Brassicaceae) inferred from ITS sequences, with special emphasis on the Macaronesian endemics.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228052611/http://www.bioclimac.com/mbdna/images/stories/caratulas-publication/04.pdf |date=2014-02-28 }} ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 53(3) 972–81.</ref><ref name=china>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=119870 ''Matthiola''.] Flora of China.</ref><ref name=san>Sanchez, J. L., et al. (2005). [http://www.bioclimac.com/mbdna/images/stories/descargas-generales/sicilian%20matthiola.pdf Genetic differentiation of three species of ''Matthiola'' (Brassicaceae) in the Sicilian insular system.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228055252/http://www.bioclimac.com/mbdna/images/stories/descargas-generales/sicilian%20matthiola.pdf |date=2014-02-28 }} ''Plant Systematics and Evolution'' 253(1–4) 81–93.</ref>  Many are cultivated for their heavily scented, colorful flowers.

The common name '''stock''' may be applied to the whole genus, more specifically to [[Variety (botany)|varieties]] and [[cultivar]]s of ''[[Matthiola incana]]''.  The [[common name]]s evening stock and night-scented stock are applied to varieties of ''[[Matthiola longipetala]]'' (syn. ''M.&nbsp;bicornis'').<ref>{{cite book|title=RHS A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants|year=2008|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=978-1405332965|pages=1136}}</ref> The common name '''Virginia stock''' refers to a separate genus of the same family (''[[Malcolmia maritima]]'').