Editing Maxime Rodinson (section)

{{Short description|French historian, sociologist and orientalist (1915–2004)}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2008}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Use Oxford spelling|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox academic
| name               = Maxime Rodinson
| image              = Maxime Rodinson (1970).jpg
| alt                =
| caption            = Rodinson in 1970
| birth_date         = {{birth date|1915|01|26|df=yes}}
| birth_place        = [[Paris]], [[French Third Republic|France]]
| death_date         = {{death date and age|2004|05|23|1915|01|26|df=yes}}
| death_place        = [[Marseille]], [[France]]
| spouse             =
| partner            =
| awards             = <!--notable national-level awards only-->
| website            =
| alma_mater         = <!--will often consist of the linked name of the last-attended higher education institution-->
| thesis_title       =
| thesis_year        =
| school_tradition   = [[Marxism]]
| doctoral_advisor   =
| academic_advisors  =
| influences         = <!--must be referenced from a third-party source-->
| discipline         = {{hlist | [[History]] | [[oriental studies]] | [[sociology]]}}
| sub_discipline     = <!--academic discipline specialist area – e.g. Sub-atomic research, 20th-century Danish specialist, Pauline research, Arcadian and Ugaritic specialist-->
| workplaces         = [[École pratique des hautes études]]
| doctoral_students  = <!--only those with WP articles-->
| notable_students   =
| main_interests     = [[Islam]]
| notable_works      = {{ubl | ''[[Muhammad (book)|Muhammad]]'' (1961) | ''Islam and Capitalism'' (1966)}}
| notable_ideas      =
| influenced         = <!--must be referenced from a third-party source-->
| signature          =
| signature_alt      =
}}
'''Maxime Rodinson''' ({{IPA|fr|ʁɔdɛ̃sɔ̃|lang}}; 26 January 1915{{Snd}}23 May 2004) was a French historian and sociologist. Ideologically a [[Marxist]], Rodinson was a prominent authority in [[oriental studies]]. He was the son of a [[Russians|Russian]]-[[Polish people|Polish]] clothing trader and his wife, who both were murdered in the [[Auschwitz concentration camp]]. After studying oriental languages, he became a professor of [[Ge'ez]] at the [[École pratique des hautes études]]. He was the author of a body of work, including the book ''[[Muhammad (book)|Muhammad]]'', a biography of the prophet of [[Islam]].

Rodinson joined the [[French Communist Party]] in 1937 for "moral reasons"{{fact|date=April 2024}} but was expelled in 1958 after criticizing it. He became well known in France when he expressed sharp [[criticism of Israel]], particularly opposing the [[Israeli settlement|settlement policies]] of the [[Jewish state]]. Some credit him with coining the term ''[[Islamofascism|Islamic fascism]]'' (''le fascisme islamique'') in 1979, which he used to describe the [[Iranian Revolution]].