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Meteora
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{{Short description|Rock formations and monasteries in Thessaly, Greece}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}} {{for-multi|the municipality|Meteora (municipality)|other uses|Meteora (disambiguation)}} {{Infobox historic site | name = Meteora | native_name = Μετέωρα | native_language = el | image = Meteora's monastery 2.jpg | caption = Landscape of Meteora | locmapin = Greece | coordinates = {{Coord|39|42|51|N|21|37|52|E|type:mountain_region:R-E|display=inline,title|name=Meteora}} | map_caption = Location in Greece | location = [[Trikala (regional unit)|Trikala]], [[Thessaly]], Greece | area = [[Thessaly]] | built = | architect = | architecture = | governing_body = | owner = | designation1 = WHS | designation1_offname = Meteora | designation1_date = 1988 (12th [[World Heritage Committee|session]]) | designation1_number = [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/455 455] | designation1_criteria = i, ii, iv, v, vii | designation1_type = Cultural | designation1_free1name = Region | designation1_free1value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in Europe|Europe]] }} {{GeoGroup}} [[File:Μετεωρα by night.jpg|thumb|Meteora by night]] The '''Meteora''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|m|ɛ|t|i|ˈ|ɔːr|ə}};<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/Meteora |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829205149/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/Meteora |archive-date=29 August 2017 |title=Meteora |website=Oxford Living Dictionaries}}</ref> {{langx|el|Μετέωρα}}, {{IPA|el|meˈteora|pron}}) is a [[rock formation]] in the regional unit of [[Trikala]], in [[Thessaly]], in northwestern [[Greece]], hosting one of the most prominent complexes of [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]] [[monastery|monasteries]], viewed locally as second in importance only to [[Mount Athos]].<ref name="meteora">Sofianos, D.Z.: "Metéora". Holy Monastery of Great Meteoro, 1991.</ref> Twenty-four monasteries were established atop the giant natural pillars and hill-like rounded boulders that dominate the local area, mainly from the second half of the 14th century under the local rule of [[Simeon Uroš]].<ref name="Radiocarbon" />{{R|Savvides|p=414-415}} Six of these are still active and open to visitors: the monasteries of [[Monastery of Great Meteoron|Great Meteoron]] (est. 1356), [[Monastery of Varlaam|Varlaam]], [[Monastery of St. Nicholas Anapausas|Saint Nicholas Anapausas]], [[Monastery of Rousanou|Rousanou]], [[Monastery of the Holy Trinity, Meteora|Holy Trinity]], and [[Monastery of Saint Stephen (Meteora)|Saint Stephen]]. The latter became a community of [[nun]]s in 1961, whereas the former five remain managed by [[monk]]s. Meteora is located in between the town of [[Kalabaka]] and the village of [[Kastraki, Trikala|Kastraki]] at the northwestern edge of the [[Thessaly|Plain of Thessaly]] near the [[Pineios (Thessaly)|Pineios]] river and [[Pindus|Pindus Mountains]].<ref>Nicol, Donald MacGillivray. Meteora : The Rock Monasteries of Thessaly by Donald M Nicol. Chapman and Hall, 1963. EBSCOhost, search-ebscohost-com.holycross.idm.oclc.org/login.aspx?direct=true&db=cat06787a&AN=chc.b1193287&site=eds-live&scope=site. p. 1-2</ref> The Meteora complex was added to the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage List]] in 1988 because of its outstanding architecture and beauty, combined with religious and cultural significance.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/455 |title=Meteora |publisher=Unesco World Heritage Centre| access-date=29 October 2022}}</ref> The name means "lofty", "elevated", and is etymologically related to ''[[meteor]]''.<ref name="Holland2012">{{cite book|author=Henry Holland|title=Travels in the Ionian Isles, Albania, Thessaly, Macedonia, Etc.: During the Years 1812 and 1813|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1C4ZEuJtkkMC&pg=PA241|date=7 June 2012|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-108-05044-9|pages=241–}}</ref>
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