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Methodenstreit
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{{Short description|Economics controversy}} {{Italic title}} '''''Methodenstreit''''' (German for "method dispute"), in intellectual history beyond German-language discourse, was an [[economics]] controversy commenced in the 1880s and persisting for more than a decade, between that field's [[Austrian School]] and the (German) [[Historical school of economics|Historical School]]. The debate concerned the place of general theory in social science and the use of history in explaining the dynamics of human action. It also touched on policy and political issues, including the roles of the individual and state. Nevertheless, methodological concerns were uppermost and some early members of the Austrian School also defended a form of [[welfare state]], as prominently advocated by the Historical School. When the debate opened, [[Carl Menger]] developed the Austrian School's standpoint, and [[Gustav von Schmoller]] defended the approach of the Historical School. (In [[List of countries and territories where German is an official language|German-speaking countries]], the original of this [[List of German expressions in English|Germanism]] is not specific to the one controversy, which is likely to be specified as ''Methodenstreit der Nationalökonomie'', i.e. "''Methodenstreit'' of national economics".)
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