Editing Monel (section)

{{Short description|Solid-solution binary alloy of nickel and copper}}
{{for|the DC Comics character Mon-El|Lar Gand}}
[[File:Guardian Building Art Deco Gate, Detroit.jpg|thumb|The [[Art Deco]] gate in the entrance hall of Detroit's [[Guardian Building]] is made from Monel.<ref name="MetAmHist">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J1a3hvykc_0C&pg=PA40|chapter=Monel|pages=39–41|isbn=978-0-16-038073-0|title=Metals in America's historic buildings: uses and preservation treatments|author1=Von Margot Gayle|author2=David W. Look|author3=John G. Waite|publisher=Diane Publishing|year=1992|access-date=2016-10-23|archive-date=2017-02-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217104028/https://books.google.com/books?id=J1a3hvykc_0C&pg=PA40|url-status=live}}</ref>]]

'''Monel''' is a group of [[alloy]]s of [[nickel]] (from 52 to 68%) and [[copper]], with small amounts of iron, manganese, carbon, and silicon.  Monel is not a [[cupronickel]] alloy because it has less than 60% copper.

Stronger than pure nickel, Monel alloys are resistant to corrosion by many aggressive agents, including rapidly flowing [[seawater]]. They can be fabricated readily by hot- and cold-working, machining, and welding.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url= http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/389109/Monel|title= Monel|encyclopedia= Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date= August 12, 2014|archive-date= August 14, 2014|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140814010914/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/389109/Monel|url-status= live}}</ref>

Monel was created in 1905 by [[Robert Crooks Stanley]], who at the time worked at the [[Vale Limited#Pre-Vale history|International Nickel Company]] (Inco).<ref name="kcro89">{{cite news |last1=Cherney |first1=Ken |last2=Orasi |first2=Ron |title=Robert Crooks Stanley (1876-1951) – The Grandfather of the nickel industry (Part 1 of 2) |url=https://republicofmining.com/2009/02/16/robert-crooks-stanley-1876-1951-%E2%80%93-the-grandfather-of-the-nickel-industry-part-1-of-2/ |issue=August 1989 Inco Triangle |publisher=Republic of Mining |date=16 February 2009}}</ref> Monel was named after company president [[Ambrose Monell]], and patented in 1906.<ref>Ambrose Monell {{US patent|811239}} Issue date: Jan 1906</ref> One L was dropped, because family names were not allowed as trademarks at that time.<ref name="MetAmHist"/> The [[trademark]] was registered in May 1921,<ref name="ustm">{{cite news |title=Word Mark: Monel |url=https://tmsearch.uspto.gov/bin/showfield?f=doc&state=4804:vrey86.3.5 |access-date=3 April 2021 |agency=Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS) |publisher=United States Patent and Trademark Office}}</ref> and it is now a property of the [[Special Metals Corporation]].

As an expensive alloy, it tends to be used in applications where it cannot be replaced with cheaper alternatives. For example, in 2015 Monel piping was more than three times as expensive as the equivalent piping made from carbon steel.<ref name=etb>{{cite web|url=http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/piping-materials-cost-ratios-d_864.html|title=Piping Materials and Cost Ratios|website=www.engineeringtoolbox.com|access-date=2015-04-05|archive-date=2017-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226130329/https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/piping-materials-cost-ratios-d_864.html|url-status=live}}</ref>