Editing Muirfield (section)

{{Short description|Golf club in Gullane, Scotland}}
{{Other uses|Muirfield (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox golf facility
|golf_facility_name = Muirfield
|image              = [[File:Muirfield logo.jpg|250px]][[File:18th Hole at Muirfield, The Open 2013 .jpg|250px]]
|imagesize          = 
|caption            = <small>The Open at Muirfield in July 2013</small>
|location           = [[Gullane]], [[East Lothian]], [[Scotland]]
|establishment      = 1744 (1891)
|type               = Private
|owner              =
|operator           =
|holes              = Golf:18 
|tournaments        = <br />[[The Open Championship]]<br />[[The Amateur Championship|The Amateur]]<br />[[Senior Open　Championship]]
|website            = http://muirfield.org.uk
|course1            =
|designer1          = [[Old Tom Morris|Tom Morris Sr.]]
|par1               = 71
|length1            = {{convert|7245|yd}}
|rating1            = 73 <ref name=muircourse>{{cite web |url=http://www.muirfield.org.uk/the-course.aspx |publisher=Muirfield |title=Course layout |access-date=7 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603084918/http://www.muirfield.org.uk/the-course.aspx |archive-date=3 June 2013 }}</ref>
|pushpin_map = UK Scotland#Scotland East Lothian
|pushpin_relief = 1
|map_caption    = Location in Scotland##Location in [[East Lothian]], Scotland
|pushpin_mapsize = 240
}}
'''Muirfield''' is a privately owned [[links (golf)|golf links]] which is the home of '''The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers'''. Located in [[Gullane]], [[East Lothian]], Scotland, overlooking the [[Firth of Forth]], Muirfield is one of the golf courses used in rotation for [[The Open Championship]].

Muirfield has hosted The Open Championship sixteen times, most recently in [[2013 Open Championship|2013]]  when [[Phil Mickelson]] lifted the trophy. Other past winners at Muirfield include [[Ernie Els]], [[Nick Faldo]] (twice), [[Tom Watson (golfer)|Tom Watson]], [[Lee Trevino]], [[Jack Nicklaus]], [[Gary Player]], [[Henry Cotton (golfer)|Henry Cotton]], [[Alf Perry]], [[Walter Hagen]], [[Harry Vardon]] and [[Harold Hilton]].  Muirfield has also hosted [[The Amateur Championship]] (ten times), the [[Ryder Cup]] in [[1973 Ryder Cup|1973]], the 1959 and 1979 [[Walker Cup]], the 1952 and 1984 [[Curtis Cup]], and many other tournaments including the [[Women’s British Open]]. 

Muirfield has an unusual layout for a [[links (golf)|links course]]. Most links courses run along the coast and then back again leading to two sets of nine holes, the holes in each set facing roughly in the same direction. Muirfield was among the first courses to depart from this arrangement and is arranged as two loops of nine holes, one clockwise, one anticlockwise.<ref>''World Atlas of Golf'', 1987 edition</ref> This means that assuming the wind direction remains the same throughout a round, virtually every hole on the course has a different apparent wind direction from the tee. No more than three consecutive holes follow the same direction at any stage. The course borders on Archerfield Wood, which features in "[[The Pavilion on the Links]]", the short story by [[Robert Louis Stevenson]].

[[Jack Nicklaus]] won three Open Championships, the first at Muirfield in [[1966 Open Championship|1966]], which completed the first of his three career [[Grand Slam (golf)|grand slams]]. Nicklaus has described Muirfield as "the best golf course in Britain."<ref>{{cite news |title=Muirfield club steeped in tradition |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=w71jAAAAIBAJ&sjid=nXoNAAAAIBAJ&pg=5498,3825391&dq=muirfield+tradition&hl=en |access-date=12 February 2013 |newspaper=The Phoenix |date=14 July 1980}}</ref> He later developed a championship golf course and community in [[Dublin, Ohio]], a suburb north of his hometown of [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]]. Opened in 1974, Nicklaus named it [[Muirfield Village]]; it has hosted his [[Memorial Tournament]], a top invitational event on the [[PGA Tour]] since [[1976 PGA Tour|1976]].

Muirfield has halted two post-war attempts at the [[Grand Slam (golf)|grand slam]], denying the third major of the year to winners of the first two, the [[Masters Tournament|Masters]] and [[U.S. Open (golf)|U.S. Open]]. Nicklaus was runner-up by a stroke in [[1972 Open Championship|1972]] to Trevino, and [[Tiger Woods]] ran into [[gale]]-force winds and rain in the third round in [[2002 Open Championship|2002]] and shot an 81; he rebounded with a 65 on Sunday to finish at even-par, six strokes out of the playoff in a tie for 28th place.