Editing Neomycin (section)

{{Short description|Type of antibiotic}}
{{Infobox drug
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 462259305
| IUPAC_name = (2''RS'',3''S'',4''S'',5''R'')-5-Amino-2-(aminomethyl)-6-((2''R'',3''S'',4''R'',5''S'')-5-((1''R'',2''R'',5''R'',6''R'')-3,5-diamino-2-((2''R'',3''S'',4''R'',5''S'')-3-amino-6-(aminomethyl)-4,5-dihydroxytetrahydro-2''H''-pyran-2-yloxy)-6-hydroxycyclohexyloxy)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy)tetrahydro-2''H''-pyran-3,4-diol
| image = Neomycin B C.svg
| image2 = Neomycin ball-and-stick.png
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = Neo-rx
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|neomycin-sulfate}}
| MedlinePlus = a682274
| pregnancy_US = D
| legal_US = Rx-only
| legal_US_comment = but OTC in [[Neosporin]] and similar ointments
| routes_of_administration = [[Topical]], [[Mouth|oral]]
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability = None
| protein_bound = N/A
| metabolism = N/A
| elimination_half-life = 2 to 3 hours
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 1404-04-2
| ATC_prefix = A01
| ATC_suffix = AB08
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|A07|AA01}}, {{ATC|B05|CA09}}, {{ATC|D06|AX04}}, {{ATC|J01|GB05}}, {{ATC|R02|AB01}}, {{ATC|S01|AA03}}, {{ATC|S02|AA07}}, {{ATC|S03|AA01}}
| PubChem = 8378
| IUPHAR_ligand = 709
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00994
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 8075
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = I16QD7X297
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D08260
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 7508
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 449118
| synonyms =
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=23 | H=46 | N=6 | O=13
| smiles = O([C@H]3[C@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O[C@H]1O[C@@H](CN)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1N)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]3N)[C@H]4O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]4N)CN
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C23H46N6O13/c24-2-7-13(32)15(34)10(28)21(37-7)40-18-6(27)1-5(26)12(31)20(18)42-23-17(36)19(9(4-30)39-23)41-22-11(29)16(35)14(33)8(3-25)38-22/h5-23,30-36H,1-4,24-29H2/t5-,6+,7+,8?,9+,10+,11-,12+,13+,14-,15+,16-,17+,18-,19+,20-,21+,22-,23-/m0/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = PGBHMTALBVVCIT-DPNHOFNISA-N
}}
<!-- Definition and medical uses -->

'''Neomycin''', also known as '''framycetin''', is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]] that displays bactericidal activity against [[Gram-negative]] aerobic [[bacilli]] and some anaerobic bacilli where resistance has not yet arisen. It is generally not effective against [[Gram-positive]] bacilli and anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli. Neomycin comes in oral and topical formulations, including creams, ointments, and eyedrops. Neomycin belongs to the [[aminoglycoside]] class of antibiotics that contain two or more [[amino sugar]]s connected by [[glycosidic bond]]s.

<!-- Society and culture -->
Neomycin was discovered in 1949 by microbiologist [[Selman Waksman]] and his student Hubert Lechevalier at [[Rutgers University]].  Neomycin received approval for medical use in 1952.<ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=507 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA507 |language=en |access-date=2020-05-25 |archive-date=2020-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801185612/https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA507 |url-status=live }}</ref> Rutgers University was granted the patent for neomycin in 1957.<ref>{{Cite patent | country = US | number = 2799620 | title = Neomycin and process of preparation | inventor = Waksman SA, Lechevalier HA | assign1 = Rutgers Research and Educational Foundation | gdate = 18 July 1957 | postscript = . }}</ref>