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Nephelometer
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{{short description|Instrument for measuring the concentration of suspended particulates}} [[File:Nephelometer.jpg|thumb|210px|right|A nephelometer at the Kosan, [[Cheju Island]], South Korea NOAA facility]] A '''nephelometer'''<ref>"Nephelometer" comes from the Greek word for "cloud", ''nephos'', cf. "[[nepheloid layer]]".</ref> or '''aerosol photometer'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Baron|first=Paul A.|date=1998-01-15|title=Aerosol photometers for respirable dust measurements|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2003-154/pdfs/chapter-g.pdf|access-date=2021-04-06|website=NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods}}</ref> is an instrument for measuring the concentration of [[suspension (chemistry)|suspended particulates]] in a [[liquid]] or [[gas]] [[colloid]]. A nephelometer measures suspended particulates by employing a light beam (source beam) and a [[detector|light detector]] set to one side (often 90Β°) of the source beam. Particle [[Number density|density]] is then a function of the light [[Reflection (physics)|reflected]] into the detector from the particles. To some extent, how much light reflects for a given density of particles is dependent upon properties of the particles such as their shape, [[color]], and [[reflectivity]]. Nephelometers are calibrated to a known particulate, then use environmental factors (k-factors) <!-- none of the articles at [[K-factor]] appear relevant --> to compensate lighter or darker colored dusts accordingly. K-factor is determined by the user by running the nephelometer next to an air sampling pump and comparing results.{{clarify|what results and how are they compared?|date=October 2021}} There are a wide variety of research-grade nephelometers on the market as well as [[open source]] varieties.<ref>Bas Wijnen, G. C. Anzalone and Joshua M. Pearce, Open-source mobile water quality testing platform. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 4(3) pp. 532β537 (2014). doi:10.2166/washdev.2014.137 [https://www.academia.edu/8319858/Open-source_mobile_water_quality_testing_platform open access]</ref>
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