Editing New Jewel Movement (section)

{{Short description|Ruling party of Grenada from 1979 to 1983}}
{{Infobox political party
| name             = New Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation
| native_name      = 
| native_name_lang = 
| abbreviation     = New JEWEL Movement
| logo             = New JEWEL Movement logo.png
| logo_size        = 
| colorcode        = #FF0000
| leader           = [[Maurice Bishop]]
| spokesperson     = 
| leader1_title    = 
| leader1_name     = 
| foundation       = {{Start date|1973|03|11|df=y}}
| dissolution      = {{End date|1983|10|29|df=y}}
| membership_year  = 
| membership       = 
| ideology         = {{ubl|class=nowrap
 | [[Communism]]
 | [[Marxism–Leninism]]
 | [[Revolutionary socialism]]
 | [[Pan-Africanism]]
}}
| merger           = {{ubl
 | Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation (JEWEL)
 | Organization for Revolutionary Education and Liberation (OREL)
 | Movement for Assemblies of the People (MAP)
}}
| successor        = [[Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement]]
| headquarters     = 
| position         = [[Far-left]]
| religion         = 
| wing1_title      = Military wing
| wing1            = [[People's Revolutionary Army (Grenada)|People's Revolutionary Army]]
| international    = 
| national         = People's Alliance (1976)
| newspaper        = ''The New Jewel''
| colours          = *Red and white<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schoenhals |first1=Kai P. |last2=Melanson |first2=Richard A. |title=Revolution and intervention in Grenada: the New Jewel movement, the United States, and the Caribbean |date=1985 |publisher=Westview press |location=Boulder |isbn=0-8133-0225-0 |page=33 |quote=identifying symbol of the NJM revolution appeared everywhere: a white flag containing a red disc.}}</ref>
*Red, green and gold ([[Rastafari|Rastafari colours]], only occasionally)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pool |first1=Gail R. |title=Culture, Language and Revolution in Grenada |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25605753 |journal=Anthropologica |publisher=JSTOR |access-date=14 October 2023 |page=89 |doi=10.2307/25605753 |date=1994|volume=36 |issue=1 |jstor=25605753 |url-access=subscription }} Pool mentions an NJM public event where the speaker's platform was painted [[Rastafari|Rastafari colours]] red, green and gold: "Since many members of the militia were youths who identified themselves with the Rastafarian movement, it was likely that the PRG [People's Revolutionary Government] was trying to associate the revolution with rasta ideology."</ref>
| slogan           = "Forward ever, backward never!<br />({{langx|fr|En avant jambes, en arrière jamais!}})
| seats1_title     = 
| seats1           = 
| flag             = Flag of the New Jewel Movement.png
| website          = 
| country          = Grenada
}}

The '''New Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation''', or '''New JEWEL Movement''' ('''NJM'''), was a [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] [[vanguard party]] in the [[Caribbean]] island nation of [[Grenada]] that was led by [[Maurice Bishop]]. 

Established in 1973, the NJM issued its manifesto prior to Grenada being [[History of Grenada#Independence|granted independence]] from the [[United Kingdom]] in 1974.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210916154603/http://www.thegrenadarevolutiononline.com/manifesto.html "The Manifesto of the New Jewel Movement"], The Grenada Revolution Online.</ref> The NJM took control of Grenada with a bloodless [[Coup d'état|coup]] in 1979 and [[Rule by decree|ruled by decree]] as the [[People's Revolutionary Government]] until 1983. In October of that year, Bishop and seven of his associates were killed by paramilitaries affiliated with [[Hardline|hard-line]] elements in his own party. Those elements formed a [[military government]], which was quickly deposed by a [[United States invasion of Grenada|U.S. invasion]] later in October.