Editing Ningbo (section)

{{Short description|Prefecture-level & sub-provincial city in China}}
{{other uses}}
{{redirect|Liampo|the nearby settlement referred to by this name by the Portuguese in the 16th century|Shuangyu}}
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{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Ningbo
| official_name      = 
| native_name        = 宁波市
| native_name_lang   = zh-Hans
| other_name         = Ningpo
| settlement_type    = [[Prefecture-level city|Prefecture-level]] and [[sub-provincial city]]
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
| border                  = infobox
| total_width             = 280
| image_style             = border:1;
| perrow                  =1/2/2/
| image1                  = Ningbo City God Temple, 2021-10-23 06.jpg
| image2                  = Ningbo - Tianyi Pavilion Museum 04.jpg
| image3                  = Yinzhou District Government of Ningbo 24-09-2018.jpg
| image4                  = Moon Lake, Ningbo, 2009-05-01.jpg
| image5                  = Tianfeng Pagoda in Ningbo.jpg
| image6                  =
}}
| image_caption      = '''Clockwise:''' Ningbo city god temple, [[Yinzhou District, Ningbo|Yinzhou District Government of Ningbo]], Tianfeng Pagoda, [[Dongqian Lake]], [[Tianyi Ge|Tianyi Pavilion]] Museum
| image_seal         = 
| image_shield       = 
| nickname           = 
| motto              = 
| image_map          = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=7|frame-lat=29.59|frame-long=121.55}}
| image_map1         = Location map of Ningbo, Zhejiang.png
| map_caption1       = Ningbo City in Zhejiang
| pushpin_map        = China
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in China
| coor_pinpoint      = [[Tianyi Square]]
| coordinates        = {{coord|29.869|N|121.554|E|format=dms|type:landmark_region:CN-33_source:Gaode|display=i}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[China]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Provinces of China|Province]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Zhejiang]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[County-level division|County-level&nbsp;divisions]]
| subdivision_name2  = 11
| subdivision_type3  = [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Township level|Township&nbsp;divisions]]
| subdivision_name3  = 148
| seat_type          = Municipal seat
| seat               = [[Yinzhou, Ningbo|Yinzhou]]
| total_type         = City
| demographics2_title1 = City
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = [[Sub-provincial city]]
| governing_body     = [[Ningbo Municipal People's Congress]]
| leader_title       = [[Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary|CCP Secretary]]
| leader_name        = [[Peng Jiaxue]]
| leader_title1      = [[Ningbo Municipal People's Congress|Congress]] Chairman
| leader_name1       = [[Yu Hongyi]]
| leader_title2      = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name2       = [[Qiu Dongyao]]
| leader_title3      = [[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Ningbo Municipal Committee|CPPCC]] Chairman
| leader_name3       = [[Xu Yuning]]
| unit_pref          = 
| area_footnotes     = 
| area_total_km2     = 9816.23
| area_land_km2      = 
| area_water_km2     = 
| area_water_percent = 
| area_urban_km2     = 2461.8
| area_metro_km2     = 2461.8
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 150
| elevation_ft       = 488
| population_total   = 9618000
| population_as_of   = 2022 census
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban   = 7585000
| population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| population_metro   = 2033000
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_note    = 
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web|script-title=zh:2022年宁波市人口主要数据公报|trans-title=Ningbo Population Key Data Bulletin 2022|url=http://tjj.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2023/3/2/art_1229042825_58918069.html|website=tjj.ningbo.gov.cn|access-date=5 March 2023|archive-date=4 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230304091651/http://tjj.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2023/3/2/art_1229042825_58918069.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
| demographics_type2 = GDP<ref name="NBECO2019">{{cite web |script-title=zh:2022年宁波市国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |trans-title = Statistical Communiqué of Ningbo on the 2022 National Economic and Social Development |publisher = Ningbo Bureau of Statistics |website = tjj.ningbo.gov.cn |date = 28 February 2022 |language = zh |access-date = 28 February 2022 |url = http://tjj.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2018/2/6/art_18617_2731061.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191030072535/http://tjj.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2018/2/6/art_18617_2731061.html |archive-date = 30 October 2019 |url-status = live }}</ref>
| demographics2_info1 = [[CN¥]] 1.570 trillion<br />[[US$]] 233.5 billion
| demographics2_title2 =Per capita
| demographics2_info2 =CN¥ 163,911<br />US$ 24,369
| timezone           = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| utc_offset         = +8
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal code of China|Postal code]]
| postal_code        = 315000
| area_code          = [[Telephone numbers in China|574]]
| iso_code           = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-ZJ-02]]
| registration_plate = {{lang|zh-cn|[[License Plate (China)|浙B]]}}
| blank1_name_sec1   = City [[tree]]s
| blank1_info_sec1   = Camphor Laurel<br />''[[Cinnamomum camphora]]'' (L.) Sieb.
| blank2_name_sec1   = City [[flower]]s
| blank2_info_sec1   = [[Camellia]]
| website            = {{URL|http://www.ningbo.gov.cn/col/col1229172783/index.html|ningbo.gov.cn}}
| footnotes          = 
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| order = st
| showflag = wuu
| pic = Ningbo (Chinese characters).svg
| piccap = "Ningbo" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
| picupright = 0.425
| s = 宁波
| t = 寧波  / 𡩋波
| p = Níngbō
| w = Ning<sup>2</sup>-po<sup>1</sup>
| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|n|ing|2|.|b|o|1}}
| gr = Ningbo
| j = Ning<sup>4</sup>-bo<sup>1</sup>
| y = Nìhng-bō
| ci = {{IPAc-yue|n|ing|4|.|b|o|1}}
| wuu = {{nowrap|{{Audio|Wuu-Nyinpou.ogg|Nihng-bo}} {{small|([[Ningbonese dialect|locally]])}}}}
| tl = Lîng-pho
| h = Nèn-pô
| l = "Tranquil Waves"
}}
'''Ningbo'''{{efn|{{zh|s=宁波|p=Níngbō}}; [[Ningbo dialect]]: [[Romanization of Wu Chinese|''gnin² poq⁷'']] {{IPA|wuu|ɲìɲ.póʔ|}}, <small>[[Putonghua|Standard Mandarin]] pronunciation:</small> {{IPAc-cmn|AUD|Ning2bo1.ogg|n|ing|2|-|b|o|1}}), [[Chinese postal romanization|formerly romanized]] as '''Ningpo'''}} is a [[sub-provincial city]] in northeastern [[Zhejiang]] [[Provinces of China|province]], [[China|People's Republic of China]]. It comprises six urban districts, two [[county-level city|satellite county-level cities]], and two rural counties, including several islands in [[Hangzhou Bay]] and the [[East China Sea]]. Ningbo is the southern economic center<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ningbo as southern economic center of Yangtze Delta Megalopolis (宁波是我国东南沿海重要的港口城市、长江三角洲南翼经济中心、国家历史文化名城)|url=http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-03/25/content_9555.htm|access-date=2021-05-07|archive-date=2020-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105023405/http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-03/25/content_9555.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> of the [[Yangtze Delta|Yangtze Delta megalopolis]].<ref name="art_1229099770_3707060">{{Cite web|title=宁波都市区建设行动方案印发|url=http://www.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2021/2/26/art_1229099770_3707060.html|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Ningbo.gov.cn|archive-date=2021-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507020852/http://www.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2021/2/26/art_1229099770_3707060.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[port of Ningbo–Zhoushan]], spread across several locations, is the world's [[List of busiest ports by cargo tonnage|busiest port by cargo tonnage]] and world's third-[[List of busiest container ports|busiest container port]] since 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-26|title=Ningbo-Zhoushan retains world's busiest cargo handling port crown in 2020|url=https://www.seatrade-maritime.com/ports-logistics/ningbo-zhoushan-retains-worlds-busiest-cargo-handling-port-crown-2020|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Seatrade Maritime|language=en}}</ref>

Ningbo is the core city and center of the [[Ningbo Metropolitan Area]].<ref name="art_1229099770_3707060"/> To the north, [[Hangzhou Bay]] separates Ningbo from [[Shanghai]]; to the east lies [[Zhoushan]] in the [[East China Sea]]; on the west and south, Ningbo borders [[Shaoxing]] and [[Taizhou, Zhejiang|Taizhou]] respectively. As of the [[Seventh National Population Census of the People's Republic of China|2020 Chinese national census]], the entire administrated area of Ningbo City had a population of 9.4 million (9,404,283).<ref>{{Cite web|title=宁波常住人口超940万|url=http://www.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2021/5/14/art_1229099763_59028614.html|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Ningbo.gov.cn}}</ref>

Ningbo is one of the 15 [[sub-provincial city|sub-provincial cities]] in China, and is one of the five [[:zh:计划单列市|separate state-planning cities]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.docin.com/p-51864614.html |script-title=zh:中央机构编制委员会印发《关于副省级市若干问题的意见》的通知. 中编发[1995]5号 |script-website=zh:豆丁网 |date=1995-02-19 |access-date=2014-05-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529084536/http://www.docin.com/p-51864614.html |archive-date=2014-05-29 }}</ref> in China (the other four being [[Dalian]], [[Qingdao]], [[Xiamen]], and [[Shenzhen]]), with the municipality possessing a separate state-planning status in many economic departments, rather than being governed by [[Zhejiang|Zhejiang Province]]. Therefore, Ningbo has provincial-level autonomy in making economic and financial policies.<ref>{{Cite web|title=国务院关于宁波市实行计划单列的批复（国函〔1987〕37号）_政府信息公开专栏|url=http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2011-10/28/content_1669.htm|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Gov.cn|archive-date=2021-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506135925/http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2011-10/28/content_1669.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2022, the [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] of Ningbo was CNY 1570,43 billion<ref>{{cite web |script-title = zh:2022年宁波市国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |trans-title = Statistical Communiqué of Ningbo on the 2022 National Economic and Social Development |publisher = Ningbo Bureau of Statistics |website = tjj.ningbo.gov.cn |date = 28 February 2022 |language = zh |access-date = 28 February 2022 |url = http://tjj.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2018/2/6/art_18617_2731061.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191030072535/http://tjj.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2018/2/6/art_18617_2731061.html |archive-date = 30 October 2019 |url-status = dead }}</ref> (US$233.479 billion), and it was ranked 12th among 293 cities in China.<ref>{{Cite web|title=宁波GDP总量跃居内地城市第12位--浙江频道--人民网|url=http://zj.people.com.cn/n2/2020/0407/c186327-33930525.html|access-date=2021-05-19|website=zj.people.com.cn|archive-date=2021-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519020845/http://zj.people.com.cn/n2/2020/0407/c186327-33930525.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Moreover, Ningbo is among the wealthiest cities in China; it ranked 8th in terms of average yearly disposable income in the year of 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|last=网易|date=2021-03-31|title=2020年全国城市人均可支配收入排名20强，北方仅一城入围|url=https://www.163.com/dy/article/G6DUBJBA05353R58.html|access-date=2021-05-19|website=163.com|archive-date=2021-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506205729/https://www.163.com/dy/article/G6DUBJBA05353R58.html|url-status=live}}</ref> As of 2020, Ningbo has global headquarters and registered offices of over 100 listed companies,<ref>{{Cite web|title=公牛集团挂牌上交所 宁波上市公司总数"破百"-新闻中心-中国宁波网|url=http://news.cnnb.com.cn/system/2020/02/06/030123390.shtml|access-date=2021-05-19|website=news.cnnb.com.cn}}</ref> and many regional business headquarters. In 2021, Ningbo featured the seventh most listed companies of all cities in China.<ref>{{Cite web|title=宁波A股上市公司数量位居全国第7！哪些行业是全国"顶流"？-新闻中心-中国宁波网|url=http://news.cnnb.com.cn/system/2021/05/05/030249712.shtml|access-date=2021-05-19|website=news.cnnb.com.cn|archive-date=2021-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506205709/http://news.cnnb.com.cn/system/2021/05/05/030249712.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Furthermore, Ningbo was among the top 10 Chinese cities in the Urban Business Environment Report released by the Chinese state media [[CCTV-1|China Central Television (CCTV)]] in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|last=程祥|title=2019中国城市营商环境报告发布 北京综合排名第一|url=http://news.cctv.com/2020/06/18/ARTIo4uVpQwkauqSU6vpAO2h200618.shtml|access-date=2021-05-19|website=news.cctv.com|archive-date=2021-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519022652/http://news.cctv.com/2020/06/18/ARTIo4uVpQwkauqSU6vpAO2h200618.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>

As a city with rich culture and a long history dating back to the [[:zh:井头山遗址|Jingtou Mountain Culture]] in 6300 BCE and the [[Hemudu culture]] in 4800 BCE, Ningbo was awarded "City of Culture in East Asia" by the governments of China, Japan, and Korea in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-10-02|title=Ningbo is East Asia's new 'City of Culture'|url=https://www.nationthailand.com/life/30270044|access-date=2021-05-19|website=nationthailand|language=en|archive-date=2021-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507025630/https://www.nationthailand.com/life/30270044|url-status=live}}</ref> From 1842, Ningbo was one of the first five [[treaty port]]s opened up to the West.  Ningbo is one of the top 200 cities in the world by scientific research as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2022 Science Cities {{!}} Supplements {{!}} Nature Index |url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2022-science-cities/tables/overall |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=www.nature.com |language=en |archive-date=2022-11-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126154701/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2022-science-cities/tables/overall |url-status=live }}</ref>