Editing Nitromethane (section)

{{distinguish|methyl nitrate|methyl nitrite}}
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields  = changed
| verifiedrevid  = 408770718
| Name           = Nitromethane
| ImageFileL1    = Valence structural formula of nitromethane.svg
| ImageNameL1    = Structural formula of nitromethane
| ImageFileR1    = Nitromethane-3D-vdW.png
| ImageNameR1    = Nitromethane
| PIN            = Nitromethane<ref name=iupac2013>{{cite book | title =  Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) | publisher = [[Royal Society of Chemistry|The Royal Society of Chemistry]] | date = 2014 | location = Cambridge | page = 662 | doi = 10.1039/9781849733069-FP001 | isbn = 978-0-85404-182-4| chapter = Front Matter }}</ref>
| SystematicName = 
| OtherNames     = Nitrocarbol
| IUPACName      = Nitromethane
| Section1       = {{Chembox Identifiers
| SMILES = C[N+](=O)[O-]
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 6135
| PubChem = 6375
| InChI = 1/CH3NO2/c1-2(3)4/h1H3
| InChIKey = LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYAW
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 276924
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} 
| ChEBI = 77701
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/CH3NO2/c1-2(3)4/h1H3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 75-52-5
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = RU5WG8C3F4
| RTECS = PA9800000
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
| KEGG = C19275
  }}
| Section2       = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem2|CH3NO2}}
| MolarMass = 61.04 g/mol
| Appearance = colorless, oily liquid<ref name=PGCH/>
| Odor = Light, fruity<ref name=PGCH/>
| Density = 1.1371 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C)<ref name=crc>Haynes, p. 3.414</ref>
| Solubility = ca. 10 g/100 mL
| SolubleOther = miscible in [[diethyl ether]], [[acetone]], [[ethanol]], [[methanol]]<ref name=crc/>
| MeltingPtC = -28.7
| MeltingPt_ref=<ref name=crc/>
| BoilingPtC = 101.2
| BoilingPt_ref=<ref name=crc/>
| pKa = {{Unbulleted list
  | 10.21 (H<sub>2</sub>O)<ref>Haynes, p. 5.94</ref>
  | 17.2 (DMSO) <ref name=uwisconsin>{{cite web|last1=Reich|first1=Hans|title=Bordwell pKa table: "Nitroalkanes"|url=http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/reich/pkatable/|website=University of Wisconsin Chemistry Department|access-date=27 January 2022}}</ref>
  }}
| RefractIndex = 1.3817 (20 °C)<ref name=crc/>
| Viscosity = 0.63 [[Poise (unit)|cP]] at 25 °C<ref name="Haynes, p. 6.231">Haynes, p. 6.231</ref>
| ThermalConductivity = 0.204 W/(m·K) at 25 °C<ref name="Haynes, p. 6.231">Haynes, p. 6.231</ref>
| VaporPressure = 28 mmHg (20 °C)<ref name=PGCH/>
| MagSus = −21.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol<ref>Haynes, p. 3.576</ref>
| Dipole = 3.46<ref name=crc2>Haynes, p. 15.19</ref>
| CriticalTP =588 K, 6.0 MPa<ref>Haynes, p. 6.69</ref>
  }}
| Section3       = {{Chembox Explosive
| ShockSens = Low
| FrictionSens = Low
| DetonationV = 6400 m/s
}}
| Section4       = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| Thermochemistry_ref =<ref>Haynes, p. 5.20</ref>
| HeatCapacity = 106.6 J/(mol·K)
| Entropy = 171.8 J/(mol·K)
| DeltaHform = −112.6 kJ/mol
| DeltaGfree = −14.4 kJ/mol
| DeltaHcombust =
| DeltaHfus =
| DeltaHvap =
| DeltaHsublim =
| HHV =
| LHV =
 }}
| Section7       = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = 
| MainHazards = Flammable, health hazard
| FlashPtC = 35<ref name=crc2/>
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS01}} {{GHS02}} {{GHS06}} {{GHS08}}
| GHSSignalWord = '''DANGER'''
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|203|226|301|331|351}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|261|280|304+340|312|370+378|403+233}}
| NFPA-H = 2 
| NFPA-F = 3 
| NFPA-R = 3
| IDLH = 750 ppm<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0457}}</ref>
| LD50 = 940 mg/kg (oral, rat)<br/>950 mg/kg (oral, mouse)<ref name=IDLH>{{IDLH|75525|Nitromethane}}</ref>
| REL = none<ref name=PGCH/>
| PEL = TWA 100 ppm (250 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/>
| ExploLimits = 7–22%<ref name=crc2/>
| AutoignitionPtC =418<ref name=crc2/>
| TLV = 20 ppm<ref name=crc2/>
| LCLo = 7087 ppm (mouse, 2 h)<br/>1000 ppm (monkey)<br/>2500 ppm (rabbit, 12 h)<br/>5000 ppm (rabbit, 6 h)<ref name=IDLH/>
| LDLo = 750 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)<br/>125 mg/kg (dog, oral)<ref name=IDLH/>
  }}
| Section8       = {{Chembox Related
| OtherFunction_label = [[nitro compounds]]
| OtherFunction = [[nitroethane]]
| OtherCompounds = [[methyl nitrite]]<br />[[methyl nitrate]]
  }}
}}

'''Nitromethane''', sometimes shortened to simply "nitro", is an [[organic compound]] with the chemical formula {{chem2|CH3NO2}}. It is the simplest organic [[nitro compound]]. It is a polar liquid commonly used as a solvent in a variety of industrial applications such as in extractions, as a reaction medium, and as a cleaning solvent. As an intermediate in [[organic synthesis]], it is used widely in the manufacture of pesticides, explosives, fibers, and coatings.<ref name=Markofsky/>  Nitromethane is used as a fuel additive in various [[motorsports]] and hobbies, e.g.  [[Top Fuel]] [[drag racing]] and miniature [[Glow plug (model engine)|internal combustion engines]] in [[Radio-controlled aircraft|radio control]], [[control line]] and [[free flight (model aircraft)|free flight]] model aircraft.