Editing Norwegian language (section)

{{Short description|North Germanic language spoken in Norway}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox language
| name          = Norwegian
| nativename    = {{lang|no|norsk}}
| pronunciation = {{IPA|no|ˈnɔʂːk|}} (East, Central and North)<br /> {{IPA|no|ˈnɔʁsk|generic=yes|}} (West and South)
| states        = [[Norway]]
| region        = 
| speakers      = 4.32 million
| ethnicity     = [[Norwegians]]
| date          = 2012
| ref           = <ref>{{Cite book|title=The Norwegian Language in the Digital Age|last1=De Smedt|first1=Koenraad|last2=Lyse|first2=Gunn Inger|last3=Gjesdal|first3=Anje Müller|last4=Losnegaard|first4=Gyri S.|date=2012|publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg|isbn=9783642313882|series=White Paper Series|location=Berlin, Heidelberg|pages=45|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-31389-9|quote=Norwegian is the common spoken and written language in Norway and is the native language of the vast majority of the Norwegian population (more than 90%) and has about 4,320,000 speakers at present.}}</ref>
| familycolor   = Indo-European
| fam2          = [[Germanic languages|Germanic]]
| fam3          = [[Northwest Germanic]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/olde1239 |title=Older Runic |date=24 May 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=[[Glottolog]] |last=Hammarström |first=Harald |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113105941/https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/olde1239 |archive-date=13 November 2022 |url-status=live |publisher=[[Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology]] |last2=Forkel |first2=Robert |last3=Haspelmath |first3=Martin |last4=Bank |first4=Sebastian}}</ref>
| fam4          = [[North Germanic languages|North Germanic]]
| fam5          = [[Old West Norse|West Scandinavian]]
| ancestor      = [[Old Norse language|Old Norse]]
| ancestor2     = [[Old West Norse]]
| ancestor3     = [[Old Norwegian]]
| ancestor4     = [[Middle Norwegian]]
| stand1        = {{nowrap|written {{Lang|no|[[Bokmål]]|italic=no}} (official)}}
| stand2        = {{*}} written {{Lang|no|[[Riksmål]]|italic=no}} (unofficial)
| stand3        = {{nowrap|written {{Lang|no|[[Nynorsk]]|italic=no}} (official)}}
| stand4        = {{nowrap|{{*}} written {{Lang|no|[[Høgnorsk]]|italic=no}} (unofficial)}}
| script        = [[Latin script|Latin]] ([[Norwegian alphabet]])<br>[[Norwegian Braille]]
| nation        = [[Norway]]
| agency        = [[Language Council of Norway]] ([[Bokmål]] and [[Nynorsk]])<br>[[Norwegian Academy]] (Riksmål)<br>[[Ivar Aasen-sambandet]] (Høgnorsk)
| iso1          = no
| iso2          = nor
| iso3          = nor
| lc1           = nob
| ld1           = Bokmål
| lc2           = nno
| ld2           = Nynorsk
| glotto        = norw1258
| glottorefname = Norwegian
| lingua        = <code>52-AAA-ba</code> to <code>-be</code>;<br /><code>52-AAA-cf</code> to <code>-cg</code>
| notice        = IPA
| map           = Norwegian language map.svg
| mapcaption    = Areas where Norwegian is spoken, including [[North Dakota]] (where 0.4% of the population speaks Norwegian), western [[Wisconsin]] (<0.1% of the population), and [[Minnesota]] (0.1% of the population) (Data: U.S. Census 2000).
}}
'''Norwegian''' ({{langx|no|norsk|links=no|label=[[endonym]]}} {{IPA|no|ˈnɔʂːk||Norsk (Language).ogg}}) is a [[North Germanic languages|North Germanic]] language from the [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European language family]] spoken mainly in [[Norway]], where it is an official language. Along with [[Swedish language|Swedish]] and [[Danish language|Danish]], Norwegian forms a [[dialect continuum]] of more or less [[mutually intelligible]] local and regional varieties; some [[Norwegian dialects|Norwegian]] and [[Swedish dialects]], in particular, are very close. These [[Scandinavia]]n languages, together with [[Faroese language|Faroese]] and [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] as well as some [[extinct language]]s, constitute the North Germanic languages. Faroese and Icelandic are not mutually intelligible with Norwegian in their spoken form because continental Scandinavian has diverged from them. While the two [[Germanic languages]] with the greatest numbers of speakers, English and German, have close similarities with Norwegian, neither is mutually intelligible with it. Norwegian is a descendant of [[Old Norse]], the common language of the [[Germanic peoples]] living in Scandinavia during the [[Viking Age]].

Today there are two official forms of ''written'' Norwegian, {{Lang|no|[[Bokmål]]}} (Riksmål) and {{Lang|no|[[Nynorsk]]}} (Landsmål), each with its own variants. {{Lang|no|Bokmål}} developed from the [[Dano-Norwegian]] language that replaced [[Middle Norwegian]] as the elite language after the union of [[Denmark–Norway]] in the 16th and 17th centuries and then evolved in Norway, while {{Lang|no|Nynorsk}} was developed based upon a collective of spoken Norwegian dialects. Norwegian is one of the two official languages in Norway, along with [[Sámi languages|Sámi]], a group of [[Finno-Ugric languages|Finno-Ugric languages]] spoken by less than one percent of the population. Norwegian is one of the working languages of the [[Nordic Council]]. Under the [[Nordic Language Convention]], citizens of the [[Nordic countries]] who speak Norwegian have the opportunity to use it when interacting with official bodies in other Nordic countries without being liable for any [[interpreting|interpretation]] or [[translation]] costs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.norden.org/avtal/utbildning/sk/sprak.asp |title=Konvention mellan Sverige, Danmark, Finland, Island och Norge om nordiska medborgares rätt att använda sitt eget språk i annat nordiskt land |trans-title=Convention between Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Norway on the right of Nordic citizens to use their own language in another Nordic country |date=2 May 2007 |website=[[Nordic Council]] |language=no |access-date=4 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220234459/http://www.norden.org/avtal/utbildning/sk/sprak.asp |archive-date=20 February 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.norden.org/webb/news/news.asp?id=6777&lang=6 |title=20th anniversary of the Nordic Language Convention |date=22 February 2007 |website=Nordic Council |access-date=25 April 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227013320/http://www.norden.org/webb/news/news.asp?id=6777&lang=6 |archive-date=27 February 2007}}</ref>