Editing Osage language (section)

{{short description|Siouan language}}
{{Infobox language
| name             = Osage
| altname          = 
| nativename       = {{Script|Osge|𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷 𐒻𐒷}} {{lang|osa-Latn|Wažáže ie}}
| states           = [[United States]]
| region           = [[Oklahoma]]
| ethnicity        = [[Osage Nation|Osage]]
| extinct          = 2005, with the death of [[Lucille Robedeaux]]
| revived          = As of 2009, 15-20 [[Second language|L2]] speakers, ongoing revival program
| familycolor      = American
| fam1             = [[Siouan languages|Siouan]]
| fam2             = [[Western Siouan languages|Western Siouan]]
| fam3             = Mississippi Valley
| fam4             = [[Dhegihan languages|Dhegihan]]
| fam5             = Kansa–Osage
| script           = [[Latin script|Latin]] (Osage alphabet), [[Osage script]]
| iso2             = osa
| iso3             = osa
| glotto           = osag1243
| glottorefname    = Osage
| linglist         = qlc
| lingname         = Kansa-Osage
| map              = Oklahoma Indian Languages.png
| mapcaption       = {{center|Map showing the distribution of [[Oklahoma]] [[Native American Languages|Indian Languages]]}}
| map2             = Lang Status 20-CR.svg
| mapcaption2      = {{center|{{small|Osage is classified as Critically Endangered by the [[UNESCO]] ''[[Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]]''}}}}
}}
{{Contains special characters
| special    = Osage [[Unicode]] characters
| fix        = Help:Multilingual_support#Osage
| image      = Replacement character.svg
| link       = Specials (Unicode block)#Replacement character
| alt        = <?>
| compact    = yes
}}

'''Osage''' ({{IPAc-en|oʊ|ˈ|s|eɪ|dʒ|,_|ˈ|oʊ|s|eɪ|dʒ}};<ref>{{OED|Osage}}</ref> Osage: {{Script|Osge|𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷 𐒻𐒷}} ''Wažáže ie'') is a [[Siouan language]] that is spoken by the people of the [[Osage Nation]] in northern [[Oklahoma]]. Their original territory was in the present-day [[Ohio River Valley]], which they shared with other Siouan language nations. Slowly they migrated to present-day [[Missouri]] and [[Kansas]] areas (see [[Dhegihan migration]]), but they were gradually pushed west by pressure from invading colonial forces and settlement by other displaced Native American nations.

Osage has an inventory of sounds very similar to that of [[Dakota language|Dakota]], also a Siouan language, plus vowel length, [[preaspirated]] [[obstruent]]s and an [[interdental fricative]] (like "th" in English "then"). In contrast to Dakota, [[phoneme|phonemically]] [[Aspiration (phonetics)|aspirated]] obstruents appear [[allophone|phonetically]] as [[affricate]]s, and the high back vowel *u has been fronted to {{IPA|[y]}}.

Osage is written primarily with two systems: one using the [[Latin script]] with [[diacritic]]s, and another derived [[Osage script]] created in 2006.<ref>{{cite web |title=Osage |url=https://www.endangeredalphabets.net/alphabets/osage/ |website=Atlas of Endangered Alphabets |date=29 November 2018 |access-date=26 October 2021}}</ref> Osage is among the few indigenous languages in the United States that has developed its own writing system.<!-- not counting diacritical Latin systems. "the final 2014 revision was included in [[Unicode]] version 9.0 in June 2016 in the [[Osage (Unicode block)|Osage block]].<ref>[http://unicode.org/versions/9.0.0.html Unicode version 9.0.0]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>" might be suited more for the Osage script entry instead -->