Editing Parallel ATA (section)

{{Short description|Computer storage interface standard}}
{{Infobox connector
| name = Parallel ATA
| type = Internal storage device connector
| image = [[File:PATA-cable.jpg|150px]]
| logo = [[File:IDE Connectors in PCChips M925LR Pentium 4.jpg|150px]]
| caption = Two ATA [[motherboard]] sockets above, with an ATA connector below
| designer = [[Western Digital]] and [[Compaq]],<br />subsequently enhanced by many others
| design_date = 1986
| manufacturer =
| production_date =
| superseded_by = [[Serial ATA]]
| superseded_by_date = 2003
| external = No
| hotplug = No
| length =
| width =
| height =
| electrical =
| ground =
| maximum_voltage =
| maximum_current =
| data_signal =
| data_bit_width = 16 bits
| data_bandwidth = [[Half-duplex]]:<br />8.3&nbsp;MB/s per ATA channel originally<br /> later 33, 66, 100 and 133&nbsp;MB/s per ATA channel
| data_devices = Two{{efn|A single PATA bus is limited to two devices, although a computer can, and often does, have more than one PATA bus.}}
| data_style = [[Parallel communication|Parallel]]
| cable = 40 or 80 conductor [[ribbon cable]]
| physical_connector =
| num_pins = 40
| pinout_col1_name =
| pinout_col2_name =
| pinout_image = [[File:ATA Plug.svg|300px]]
| pinout_caption =
| pin1 = Reset
| pin1_name =
| pin2 = Ground
| pin2_name =
| pin3 = Data 7
| pin3_name =
| pin4 = Data 8
| pin4_name =
| pin5 = Data 6
| pin5_name =
| pin6 = Data 9
| pin6_name =
| pin7 = Data 5
| pin7_name =
| pin8 = Data 10
| pin8_name =
| pin9 = Data 4
| pin9_name =
| pin10 = Data 11
| pin10_name =
| pin11 = Data 3
| pin11_name =
| pin12 = Data 12
| pin12_name =
| pin13 = Data 2
| pin13_name =
| pin14 = Data 13
| pin14_name =
| pin15 = Data 1
| pin15_name =
| pin16 = Data 14
| pin16_name =
| pin17 = Data 0
| pin17_name =
| pin18 = Data 15
| pin18_name =
| pin19 = Ground
| pin19_name =
| pin20 = Key or VCC_in
| pin20_name =
| pin21 = DDRQ
| pin21_name =
| pin22 = Ground
| pin22_name =
| pin23 = I/O write
| pin23_name =
| pin24 = Ground
| pin24_name =
| pin25 = I/O read
| pin25_name =
| pin26 = Ground
| pin26_name =
| pin27 = IOCHRDY
| pin27_name =
| pin28 = Cable select
| pin28_name =
| pin29 = DDACK
| pin29_name =
| pin30 = Ground
| pin30_name =
| pin31 = IRQ
| pin31_name =
| pin32 = No connect
| pin32_name =
| pin33 = Addr 1
| pin33_name =
| pin34 = GPIO_DMA66_Detect
| pin34_name =
| pin35 = Addr 0
| pin35_name =
| pin36 = Addr 2
| pin36_name =
| pin37 = Chip select 1P
| pin37_name =
| pin38 = Chip select 3P
| pin38_name =
| pin39 = Activity
| pin39_name =
| pin40 = Ground
| pinout_notes =
}}<!--

editors:
PLEASE do not "correct" "AT Attachment" to "Advanced Technology Attachment". The relevant standards simply say "AT Attachment". It was never written out as "Advanced Technology Attachment", except in error. The "History and terminology section" makes this clear.
REPEAT: "AT Attachment" IS CORRECT and absolutely should not be expanded.
-->

'''Parallel ATA''' ('''PATA'''), originally '''{{Not a typo|AT Attachment}}''', also known as '''Integrated Drive Electronics''' ('''IDE'''), is a [[standardization|standard]] [[Interface_(computing)|interface]] designed for [[IBM PC]]-compatible computers. It was first developed by [[Western Digital]] and [[Compaq]] in 1986 for compatible hard drives and CD or DVD drives. The connection is used for [[computer storage|storage]] devices such as [[hard disk drive]]s, [[floppy disk drive]]s, [[optical disc drive]]s, and [[tape drive]]s in [[computer]]s.

The standard is maintained by the X3/[[INCITS]] committee.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.t13.org| title = t13.org}}</ref> It uses the underlying {{Not a typo|AT Attachment}} (ATA) and {{Not a typo|AT Attachment}} Packet Interface ([[ATA Packet Interface|ATAPI]]) standards.

The Parallel ATA standard is the result of a long history of incremental technical development, which began with the original AT Attachment interface, developed for use in early [[PC AT]] equipment. The ATA interface itself evolved in several stages from [[Western Digital]]'s original [[Integrated Drive Electronics]] (IDE) interface. As a result, many near-synonyms for ATA/ATAPI and its previous incarnations are still in common informal use, in particular Extended IDE (EIDE) and Ultra ATA (UATA). After the introduction of [[SATA]] in 2003, the original ATA was [[retronym|renamed]] to Parallel ATA, or PATA for short.

Parallel ATA cables have a maximum allowable length of {{convert|18|inch|mm|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Serial ATA: A Comparison with Ultra ATA Technology |url=http://www.seagate.com/content/pdf/whitepaper/SerialATA_comparison_UATA_Technology.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105073432/http://www.seagate.com/content/pdf/whitepaper/SerialATA_comparison_UATA_Technology.pdf |publisher=Seagate Technology |access-date=23 January 2012 |archive-date=2012-01-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Frawley|first=Lucas|title=Parallel vs. Serial ATA|url=http://www.directron.com/patasata.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030801081711/http://www.directron.com/patasata.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 August 2003|work=What Is? The Information for Your Computer Questions|publisher=Directron.com|access-date=23 January 2012}}</ref> Because of this limit, the technology normally appears as an internal computer storage interface. For many years, ATA provided the most common and the least expensive interface for this application. It has largely been replaced by SATA in newer systems.