Editing Party-list proportional representation (section)

{{short description|Family of voting systems}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2024}}
{{Electoral systems}}
[[File:ElezioneBrunate.jpg|thumb|Poster for the European Parliament election 2004 in Italy, showing party lists]]'''Party-list proportional representation''' ('''list-PR''') is a system of [[proportional representation]] based on preregistered [[Political party|political parties]], with each party being [[Apportionment (politics)|allocated]] a certain number of seats  [[Apportionment (politics)|roughly]] proportional to their share of the vote.<ref>{{cite web |title=Proportional Representation Systems |url=https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/polit/damy/BeginnningReading/PRsystems.htm |work=mtholyoke.edu}}</ref>

In these systems, parties provide lists of candidates to be elected, or candidates may declare their affiliation with a political party (in some open-list systems). Seats are distributed by election authorities to each party, in proportion to the number of votes the party receives. Voters may cast votes for parties, as in [[Spain]], [[Turkey]], and [[Israel]] ([[Closed list|closed lists]]); or for candidates whose vote totals are pooled together to parties, as in [[Finland]], [[Brazil]], and the [[Netherlands]] ([[mixed single vote]] or [[panachage]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=Proportional Representation Open List Electoral Systems in Europe |url=http://www.ifes.org/~/media/Files/Publications/White%20PaperReport/2009/Proportional_Representation_Open_List_Electoral_Systems_Europe.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224074108/http://www.ifes.org/~/media/Files/Publications/White%20PaperReport/2009/Proportional_Representation_Open_List_Electoral_Systems_Europe.pdf |archive-date=2014-12-24 |publisher=International Foundation for Electoral Systems}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Système électoral du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg(fr) |url=http://www.elections.public.lu/fr/systeme-electoral/index.html |publisher=elections.public.lu}}</ref>