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Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
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{{Short description|Feeding tube going into the stomach through the abdominal wall}} {{redirect distinguish|J PEG|JPEG}} {{Infobox medical intervention (new) | name = Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy | synonyms = PEG tube | image = Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy-tube.jpg | caption = Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy | alt = | pronounce = | specialty = [[Gastroenterology]] | uses = | complications = Infection, [[Hemorrhage]], [[Gastrointestinal perforation]], Gastrocolic fistula, [[Buried bumper syndrome]] | approach = | types = | recovery time = | other options = | outcomes = | frequency = | cost = | ICD9 = {{ICD9proc|43.11}} | MeshID = | OPS301 = sec }} '''Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy''' ('''PEG''') is an [[Endoscopy|endoscopic]] [[medical procedure]] in which a tube ('''PEG tube''') is passed into a patient's stomach through the [[abdominal wall]], most commonly to provide a means of feeding when [[Mouth|oral]] intake is not adequate (for example, because of [[dysphagia]] or [[sedation]]). This provides [[enteral]] nutrition (making use of the natural [[digestion]] process of the [[human gastrointestinal tract|gastrointestinal tract]]) despite bypassing the mouth; enteral nutrition is generally preferable to [[parenteral nutrition]] (which is only used when the GI tract must be avoided). The PEG procedure is an alternative to open surgical [[gastrostomy]] insertion, and does not require a [[general anesthetic]]; [[Procedural sedation and analgesia|mild sedation]] is typically used. PEG tubes may also be extended into the [[small intestine]] by passing a jejunal extension tube ('''PEG-J tube''') through the PEG tube and into the [[jejunum]] via the [[pylorus]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Discussion |work=BCM Gastroenterology Grand Rounds |publisher=Baylor College of Medicine |url=http://www.bcm.edu/gastro/DDC/grandrounds/BCM/8-10-06/09-DISC.HTM |access-date=2010-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303151733/http://www.bcm.edu/gastro/DDC/grandrounds/BCM/8-10-06/09-DISC.HTM |archive-date=2012-03-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> PEG administration of enteral feeds is the most commonly used method of nutritional support for patients in the community. Many [[stroke]] patients, for example, are at risk of [[aspiration pneumonia]] due to poor control over the swallowing muscles; some will benefit from a PEG performed to maintain nutrition. PEGs may also be inserted to decompress the [[stomach]] in cases of [[gastric volvulus]].<ref name=Gauderer01>{{cite journal |author=Gauderer MW |title=Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy-20 years later: a historical perspective |journal=J. Pediatr. Surg. |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=217β9 |year=2001 |pmid=11150469 |doi=10.1053/jpsu.2001.20058}}</ref>
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