Editing Perlis (section)

{{Short description|State of Malaysia}}
{{about|the Malaysian state|the computer scientist|Alan Perlis}}
{{Redirect|Indera Kayangan|the state constituency|Indera Kayangan (state constituency)}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Perlis
| official_name      = 
| native_name        = ''Peghelih''
| settlement_type    = [[States and federal territories of Malaysia|State]]
| image_alt          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_flag         = Flag of Perlis.svg
| flag_size          = 
| flag_alt           = 
| image_shield       = Coat of arms of Perlis.svg
| shield_size        = 90px
| shield_alt         = 
| nickname           = 
| motto              = 
| anthem             = ''[[Amin, Amin, ya Rabaljalil]]''<br />{{small|Amen, Amen, o Majestic Lord}}{{center|[[File:Perlis_State_Anthem.ogg]]}}
| image_map          = Perlis in Malaysia.svg
| mapsize            = 
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = Locator map of Perlis in Malaysia (northwest) 
| coordinates        = {{coord|6|30|N|100|15|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{MYS}}
| seat_type          = [[List of capitals in Malaysia|Capital]]<br>{{nobold|(and largest city) }}
| seat               = [[Kangar]]
| parts_type         = Royal capital
| parts_style        = para
| p1                 = [[Arau]]
| government_type    = [[Parliamentary system|Parliamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy|constitutional]] [[monarchy]]
| leader_title       = [[Raja of Perlis|Raja]]
| leader_name        = [[Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin|Sirajuddin]]
| leader_title1      = [[Menteri Besar of Perlis|Menteri Besar]]
| leader_name1       = [[Mohd Shukri Ramli]] <br> ([[Perikatan Nasional|PN]]–[[Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="statistics">{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 |title=Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010 |publisher=Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia |page=27 |access-date=24 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227065717/http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archive-date=27 December 2010}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 819
| area_water_km2     = 
| elevation_max_m    = 733
| elevation_max_point = Mount Perlis
| population_total   = 292700
| population_as_of   = 2023
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2018 population">{{cite web |url= https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=430&bul_id=azJaVlY0RjVKWkwwaURWTENxMVBhdz09&menu_id=L0pheU43NWJwRWVSZklWdzQ4TlhUUT09 |title= Perangkaan Demografi Suku Tahun Pertama |publisher= Department of Statistics, Malaysia |year=2018 |access-date= 25 May 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160212125740/http://pmr.penerangan.gov.my/index.php/info-terkini/19463-unjuran-populasi-penduduk-2015.html |archive-date= 12 February 2016 |url-status= dead}}</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = Perlisian
| demographics_type2 = State Index
| demographics2_title1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] {{nobold|(2023)}}
| demographics2_info1 = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 0.770&nbsp;(<span style="color:#090;">high</span>) ([[List of Malaysian states by Human Development Index|14th]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Subnational Human Development Index (2.1) [Kedah – Malaysia]|publisher=Global Data Lab of Institute for Management Research, [[Radboud University Nijmegen|Radboud University]]|access-date=22 December 2019}}</ref>
| demographics2_title2 = [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] {{nobold|(2019)}}
| demographics2_info2 = {{increase}} [[Malaysian ringgit|RM]] 6.518 billion ($1.564 billion) ([[List of Malaysian states by GDP|10th]])<ref name="GDP">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal|url=https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=102&bul_id=TExzYmVmRC83S1hBMEUrUDVzczdLUT09&menu_id=TE5CRUZCblh4ZTZMODZIbmk2aWRRQT09|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-09-30|website=www.dosm.gov.my}}</ref>
| demographics2_title3 = Per capita {{nobold|(2019)}}
| demographics2_info3 = {{increase}} [[Malaysian ringgit|RM]] 25,656 ($6,157) ([[List of Malaysian states by GDP#Gross Domestic Product per capita by state|15th]])<ref name="GDP"/>
| postal_code_type   = [[List of postal codes in Malaysia|Postal code]]
| postal_code        = 01xxx to 02xxx
| area_code          = 04
| area_code_type     = [[Telephone numbers in Malaysia|Calling code]]
| iso_code           = MY-09
| registration_plate = [[Malaysian vehicle license plates|R]]
| blank_name_sec1    = Establishment of Kota Sena as capital of Kedah
| blank_info_sec1    = 1653
| blank1_name_sec1   = Vassal state of Siam governed by Raja Long Krok
| blank1_info_sec1   = 1839<ref>{{cite web| url=https://perlisroyalty.perlis.gov.my/index.php/ms/sejarah/kewujudan-perlis |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915081955/https://perlisroyalty.perlis.gov.my/index.php/ms/sejarah/kewujudan-perlis |archive-date=15 September 2021 |title=Kewujudan Perlis }}</ref>
| blank_name_sec2    = Kingdom formed when Syed Hussain appointed as King by Siam<ref>[https://perlisroyalty.perlis.gov.my/index.php/ms/sejarah/institusi-beraja Institusi Baraja] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915081957/https://perlisroyalty.perlis.gov.my/index.php/ms/sejarah/institusi-beraja |date=15 September 2021 }}</ref>
| blank_info_sec2    = 20 April 1843
| blank1_name_sec2   = Accession into the [[Federation of Malaya]]
| blank1_info_sec2   = 1 February 1948
| website            = {{URL|www.perlis.gov.my}} {{URL|www.perlisroyalty.gov.my}}
| footnotes          = 
| blank2_name_sec2   = Independence as part of the Federation of Malaya
| blank2_info_sec2   = 31 August 1957
| image_map1         = {{hidden begin|title=OpenStreetMap|ta1=center}}{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=250|zoom=8}}{{hidden end}}
}}

'''Perlis'''{{Refn|"Perlis" singular is used officially in the state's constitution.<ref name="TheStar">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2015/05/26/perlis-indera-kayangan-raja-perlis/|title=State should be called 'Perlis' only, no 'Indera Kayangan', says Raja of Perlis|date=26 May 2015|newspaper=The Star}}</ref>|group=note}} ([[Kedah Malay language|Kedah Malay (Perlis dialect)]]: ''Peghelih'') is a [[Negeri|state]] of [[Malaysia]] in the northwestern coast of [[Peninsular Malaysia]]. It is the smallest state in [[Malaysia]] by area and population. The state borders the [[Thailand|Thai]] [[Provinces of Thailand|provinces]] of [[Satun province|Satun]] and [[Songkhla]] to the north and the Malaysian state of [[Kedah]] to the south. Perlis is the only Malaysian state that is not divided into districts, due to its small size, but it is still divided into several communes.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Richmond |first=Simon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WI2cEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT385 |title=Lonely Planet Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei |date=May 2022 |publisher=Lonely Planet |isbn=978-1-83869-658-0 |pages=385 |language=en}}</ref> It was called '''Palit''' ({{langx|th|ปะลิส}}) by the Siamese when it was under their influence. Perlis had a population of 227,025 as of the 2010 census.<ref name="statistics"/>

Perlis experiences a [[tropical monsoon climate]]. Much of the state's highlands are part of the [[Nakawan Range]], a subrange of the [[Tenasserim Hills]] system that spans through southern [[Myanmar]], [[Southern Thailand]] and the [[Peninsular Malaysia]], with Mount Perlis as the highest point at 733&nbsp;m. The Nakawan also forms a natural frontier between Perlis and [[Thailand]].

The capital of Perlis is [[Kangar]], and the royal capital is [[Arau]]. Another important town is [[Padang Besar, Malaysia|Padang Besar]], at the Malaysia–Thailand border and Kuala Perlis, the ferry town to Langkawi. The main port and ferry terminal is at the small village of [[Kuala Perlis]], linking mostly to [[Langkawi Island]]. Another important lately developed area is Pauh Putra within the subdistrict of Kurong Anai which houses the main campus of [[Universiti Malaysia Perlis|Malaysia University of Perlis]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sinarharian.com.my/pm-rasmi-perpustakaan-unimap-april-ini-1.21961 |title=PM rasmi perpustakaan UniMAP April ini - Sinar Harian |website=www.sinarharian.com.my |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181014091340/http://www.sinarharian.com.my/pm-rasmi-perpustakaan-unimap-april-ini-1.21961 |archive-date=2018-10-14}}</ref> and Politeknik Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin. Perlis has a snake sanctuary and research centre at Sungai Batu Pahat. Perlis State Park and Gua Kelam are among the popular tourist attractions.