Editing PhyloCode (section)

{{Short description|Proposed code of nomenclature for clades}}
{{italic title}}
The '''''International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature''''', known as the '''''PhyloCode''''' for short, is a formal set of rules governing [[phylogenetic nomenclature]]. Its current version is specifically designed to regulate the naming of [[clade]]s, leaving the governance of [[species]] names up to the rank-based [[nomenclature code]]s (''[[International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants|ICN]]'', ''[[International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants|ICNCP]]'', ''[[International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes|ICNP]]'', ''[[International Code of Zoological Nomenclature|ICZN]]'', ''[[The International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature|ICVCN]]'').

The ''PhyloCode'' is associated with the [[International Society for Phylogenetic Nomenclature]] (ISPN).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phylonames.org/ |title=International Society for Phylogenetic Nomenclature (website) |publisher=Phylonames.org |access-date=2010-07-07}}</ref> The companion volume, '''''Phylonyms''''', establishes 300 taxon names under ''PhyloCode'', serving as examples for those unfamiliar with the code.<ref name=LB09>{{cite journal | last1 = Laurin | first1 = M. | last2 = Bryant | first2 = H. N. | year = 2009 | title = Third Meeting of the International Society for Phylogenetic Nomenclature: a Report | journal = Zoologica Scripta | volume = 38 | issue = 3 | pages = 333–337 |doi=10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00379.x| s2cid = 221171579 }}</ref> '''RegNum''' is an associated online database for registered clade names.<ref>{{cite web |title=RegNum |url=https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/regnum/ |website=Florida Museum |access-date=4 April 2019}}</ref>

The ''PhyloCode'' regulates phylogenetic nomenclature by providing rules for deciding which associations of names and definitions are considered established,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phylonames.org/code/articles/4 |title=International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature, Version 4b - Chapter II. Publication |publisher=Ohiou.edu |access-date=2010-07-07}}</ref> which of those will be considered homonyms<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phylonames.org/code/art13.html |title=International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature, Version 4b - Article 13: Homonymy |publisher=ohiou.edu |access-date=2010-07-07}}</ref> or synonyms,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phylonames.org/code/articles/14 |title=International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature Version 4b, Article 14: Synonymy |publisher=Ohiou.edu |access-date=2010-07-07}}</ref> and which one of a set of synonyms or homonyms will be considered accepted (generally the one '''registered''' first; see below). The ''PhyloCode'' only governs the naming of [[clade]]s,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phylonames.org/code/articles/1 |title=International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature, Version 4b - Rule 1.1 |publisher=Ohiou.edu |access-date=2010-07-07}}</ref> not of [[paraphyletic]] or [[polyphyletic]] groups, and only allows the use of [[Biological specimen|specimen]]s, [[species]], and [[apomorphy|apomorphies]] as specifiers (anchors).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phylonames.org/code/articles/11 |title=International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature, Version 4b - Article 11. Specifiers and Qualifying Clauses |publisher=Ohiou.edu |access-date=2010-07-07}}</ref>