Editing Pinaceae (section)

{{Short description|Family of conifers}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Jurassic|Recent}} Possible Triassic record <ref>{{cite web |title=Fort Wingate (Triassic of the United States) |url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=23968 |website=PBDB.org}}</ref>
| image = Glacier-Lyman-Tamarack.jpg
| image_caption = ''Larix'' (golden), ''Abies'' (central foreground) and ''Pinus'' (right foreground)
| taxon = Pinaceae
| authority = [[John Lindley|Lindley]] 1836
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = * '''[[Abietoideae]]'''
** ''[[Abies]]''
** ''[[Cedrus]]''
** ''[[Keteleeria]]''
** ''[[Nothotsuga]]''
** ''[[Pseudolarix]]''
** ''[[Tsuga]]''
* '''[[Pinoideae]]'''
** ''[[Pinus]]''
* '''[[Piceoideae]]'''
** ''[[Picea]]''
* '''[[Laricoideae]]'''
** ''[[Pseudotsuga]]''
** ''[[Cathaya]]''
** ''[[Larix]]''
| synonyms = * Abietaceae <small>von Berchtold & Presl 1820</small>
* Cedraceae <small>Vest 1818</small>
* Compsostrobaceae <small>Delevoryas & Hope 1973</small>
* †Kranneraceae <small>Corda 1866</small>
* Piceaceae <small>Goroschankin 1904</small>
}}

The '''Pinaceae''' ({{IPAc-en|p|I|'|n|eI|s|i:|%|i:|,_|-|s|i|%|aI}}), or '''pine family''', are [[conifer]] trees or shrubs, including many of the well-known conifers of commercial importance such as [[Cedrus|cedars]], [[fir]]s, [[Tsuga|hemlocks]], [[Pinyon_pine|piñons]],  
[[larch]]es, [[pine]]s and [[spruce]]s. The family is included in the order [[Pinales]], formerly known as [[Coniferales]]. Pinaceae have distinctive cones with woody scales bearing typically two [[Ovule|ovules]], and are supported as [[monophyletic]] by both [[Morphology (biology)|morphological]] trait and genetic analysis.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gernandt |first1=David S. |last2=Holman |first2=Garth |last3=Campbell |first3=Christopher |last4=Parks |first4=Matthew |last5=Mathews |first5=Sarah |last6=Raubeson |first6=Linda A. |last7=Liston |first7=Aaron |last8=Stockey |first8=Ruth A. |last9=Rothwell |first9=Gar W. |date=September 2016 |title=Phylogenetics of extant and fossil Pinaceae: methods for increasing topological stability |url=http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/cjb-2016-0064 |journal=Botany |language=en |volume=94 |issue=9 |pages=863–884 |doi=10.1139/cjb-2016-0064 |issn=1916-2790|url-access=subscription }}</ref> They are the largest extant conifer family in species diversity, with between 220 and 250 species (depending on [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomic]] opinion) in 11 genera,<ref name="Farjon">{{cite book |author=Aljos Farjon |year=1998 |title=World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]  |isbn=978-1-900347-54-9}}</ref> and the second-largest (after [[Cupressaceae]]) in geographical range, found in most of the [[Northern Hemisphere]], with the majority of the species in temperate climates, but ranging from subarctic to tropical. The family often forms the dominant component of [[Boreal forest|boreal]], coastal, and [[montane forest]]s. One species, ''[[Pinus merkusii]]'', grows just south of the [[equator]] in Southeast Asia.<ref>{{Gymnosperm Database |family=Pinaceae |genus=Pinus |species=merkusii |access-date=March 17, 2015}}</ref> Major [[centre of diversity|centres of diversity]] are found in the mountains of [[southwest China]], Mexico, central Japan, and [[California]].