Editing Plan of Iguala (section)

{{short description|1821 proclamation of Mexican independence from Spain}}
{{Infobox document
|document_name = Plan of Iguala
|image = Plan de Iguala foja 1.jpg
|image_size = 
|image_alt = The '''Plan of Iguala''', proclaimed 24 February 1821 by General Agustín de Iturbide
|caption = 
|date_created = 24 February 1821
|date_ratified = 24 August 1821<ref name="historiacultural">{{Cite web|title = Plan de Iguala|website = Historia Universal|last = Portillo|first = Luis|url = http://www.historiacultural.com/2011/05/plan-iguala-1821-mexico.html|access-date = 31 October 2014}}</ref>
|date_effective = 25 August 1821
|location_of_document = [[Iguala, Guerrero|Iguala]], [[Mexico]]
|writer = 
|signers = [[Agustín de Iturbide]], [[Vicente Guerrero]]
|purpose = Establish the form of Mexican independence
}}

The '''Plan of Iguala''',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cdigital.dgb.uanl.mx/la/1080043672/1080043672_33.pdf |title=Plan de Iguala de 24 de Febrero de 1821 |website=cdigital.dgb.uanl.mx |access-date=Dec 22, 2018}}</ref> also known as the '''Plan of the Three Guarantees''' ("Plan Trigarante") or '''Act of Independence of North America''',<ref>ARENAL Jaime Del, "la independencia de la entonces llamada América Septentrional", Instituto de México En España</ref> was a revolutionary proclamation promulgated on 24 February 1821, in the final stage of the [[Mexican War of Independence]] from [[Spain]]. The Plan stated that [[Mexico]] was to become a [[constitutional monarchy]], whose sole official religion would be [[Roman Catholicism]], in which both the ''[[Peninsulares]]'' (people born in Spain and residing in Mexico) and the ''Americanos'' (people born in Mexico, that is, the [[Americas]]) would enjoy equal political and social rights.<ref>"La Revolución de Independencia", en ''Historia General de México'', Versión 2000, El Colegio de México, 2009, p. 519.</ref> It took its name from the city of [[Iguala]] in the modern-day state of [[Guerrero]].

The two main figures behind the Plan were [[Agustín de Iturbide]] (who would become [[First Mexican Empire|Emperor of Mexico]]) and [[Vicente Guerrero]], revolutionary rebel leader and later [[President of Mexico]]. The [[Army of the Three Guarantees]] was formed by the unified forces of Iturbide and Guerrero to defend the ideals of the Plan of Iguala. On 24 August 1821, Iturbide and [[List of viceroys of New Spain|Spanish viceroy]] [[Juan O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]] in [[Córdoba, Veracruz]], ratifying the Plan of Iguala, and thus confirming Mexico's independence.

The Plan, a compromise, introduced new ideas and preserved others.<ref>{{cite journal|access-date=5 May 2022|author1=Jaime E. Rodríguez O.|date=1993|issn=0185-0172|language=es|number=2|pages=270–271|periodical=Historia Mexicana|publisher=El Colegio de México, A.C.|quote=El Plan de Iguala ofrecía de esta manera un compromiso, una manera de conservar un gobierno constitucional representativo|title=LA TRANSICIÓN DE COLONIA A NACIÓN: NUEVA ESPAÑA, 1820-1821|url=https://historiamexicana.colmex.mx/index.php/RHM/article/view/2252/2946|volume=XLIII}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>  For example, it established a new army, but it preserved the constitutional right of all males to vote regardless of place of birth, ethnic origin, or economic condition, which had been enshrined in the Constitution of 1812 and which was in force at the time of the Plan.<ref>{{cite news |author1=Alfredo Ávila Rueda |title=LA CONSTITUCIÓN DE CÁDIZ Y LA INDEPENDENCIA DE MÉXICO |url=https://relatosehistorias.mx/nuestras-historias/la-constitucion-de-cadiz-y-la-independencia-de-mexico |access-date=5 May 2022 |work=Relatos e historias en México |issue=43 |publisher=EDITORIAL RAÍCES, S.A. DE C.V. |date=March 2012 |language=es |quote=No importaba si se era indígena, mestizo o blanco, culto o analfabeta, rico o pobre, todos los que cumplieran los requisitos señalados por la Constitución podrían votar. |issn=2007-0616}}</ref>