Editing Polyphosphate (section)

{{short description|Compounds formed from phosphate monomeric units}}
{{Redirect|polyP|other uses|Polyp (disambiguation){{!}}Polyp}}
A '''polyphosphate''' is a [[Salt (chemistry)|salt]] or [[ester]] of polymeric [[oxyanion]]s formed from [[tetrahedral]] PO<sub>4</sub> ([[phosphate]]) structural units linked together by sharing oxygen atoms. Polyphosphates can adopt linear or a cyclic (also called, ring) structures. In biology, the polyphosphate esters [[adenosine diphosphate|ADP]] and [[adenosine triphosphate|ATP]] are involved in energy storage. A variety of polyphosphates find application in mineral sequestration in municipal waters, generally being present at 1&nbsp;to&nbsp;5&nbsp;ppm.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00370|url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00370|title=Lost in Condensation: Poly-, Cyclo-, and Ultraphosphates|year=2021|last1=Jessen|first1=Henning J.|last2=Dürr-Mayer|first2=Tobias|last3=Haa|first3=Thomas M.|last4=Ripp|first4=Alexander|last5=Cummins|first5=Christopher C.|journal=Accounts of Chemical Research|volume=54|issue=21|pages=4036–4050|pmid=34648267|s2cid=238989161|url-access=subscription}}</ref> [[guanosine triphosphate|GTP]], [[cytidine triphosphate|CTP]], and [[uridine triphosphate|UTP]] are also nucleotides important in the protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism, respectively.
<!-- [[polymers]] linked between [[hydroxyl group]]s and [[hydrogen]] atoms. The [[polymerization]] that takes place is known as a [[condensation reaction]]. Phosphate [[chemical bond]]s are typically high-energy [[covalent]] bonds, which means that energy is available upon breaking such bonds in spontaneous or enzyme catalyzed reactions. Adenosine triphosphate ([[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]]) is an example of a phosphate trimer, a [[polymer]] with three phosphate groups. In many species they are stored in [[acidocalcisome]]s -->
Polyphosphates are also used as [[food additives]], marked '''E452'''.