Editing Pope Callixtus II (section)

{{Short description|Head of the Catholic Church from 1119 to 1124}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
|type=Pope
|honorific-prefix=[[List of popes|Pope]]
|image = Calixtus II.jpg
|caption = Callixtus II as depicted in the ''[[Liber ad honorem Augusti]]'' by [[Peter of Eboli]], 1196
|name=Callixtus II
|title= [[Bishop of Rome]]
|church= [[Catholic Church]]
|birth_name=Guy
|term_start=2 February 1119
|term_end=13 December 1124
|predecessor=[[Gelasius II]]
|successor=[[Honorius II]]
|birth_date={{c.|1065}}
|birth_place=[[Quingey]], [[County of Burgundy]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]
|death_date= 13 December 1124 
|death_place=Rome, [[Papal States]], Holy Roman Empire
|previous_post=Archbishop of Vienne (1088–1119)
|other=Callixtus}}

'''Pope Callixtus II''' or '''Callistus II''' ({{c.|1065}} – 13 December 1124), born '''Guy of Burgundy''', was the head of the [[Catholic Church]] and ruler of the [[Papal States]] from February 1119 to his death in 1124.<ref>John W. O'Malley, ''A History of the Popes: From Peter to the Present'', (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2010), 116.</ref> His pontificate was shaped by the [[Investiture Controversy]], which he was able to settle through the [[Concordat of Worms]] in 1122.

As son of Count [[William I of Burgundy]], Guy was a member of and connected to the highest nobility in Europe. He became [[archbishop of Vienne]] and served as papal legate to France. He attended the Lateran Synod of 1112. He was elected pope at [[Cluny]] in 1119. The following year, prompted by attacks on Jews, he issued the bull ''[[Sicut Judaeis]]'' which forbade Christians, on pain of excommunication, from forcing Jews to convert, from harming them, from taking their property, from disturbing the celebration of their festivals, and from interfering with their cemeteries. In March 1123, Calixtus II convened the [[First Lateran Council]] which passed several disciplinary decrees, such as those against [[simony]] and [[concubinage]] among the clergy, and violators of the [[Truce of God]].