Editing Popping (section)

{{Short description|Street dance style}}
{{About|the street dance style|other uses|Popping (disambiguation)}}
{{original research|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox dance
| name             = Popping
| native_name      = 
| native_name_lang = 
| etymology        = 
| image            = Popping.jpg
| alt              = 
| caption          = A choreographed popping performance
| genre            = [[Street dance]]
| signature        = 
| instruments      = 
| inventor         = 
| year             = Late 1970s
| origin           = 
}}
'''Popping''' is a [[street dance]] adapted out of the earlier [[Boogaloo (funk dance)|boogaloo]] cultural movement in [[Oakland, California]]. As boogaloo spread, it would be referred to as "robottin'" in [[Richmond, California]]; strutting movements in [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]] and [[San Jose, California|San Jose]]; and the Strikin' dances of the [[Oak Park, Sacramento, California|Oak Park]] community in [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]], which were popular through the mid-1960s to the 1970s.<ref>[https://www.kqed.org/arts/10145702/sf-and-oakland-hip-hop-histories-come-alive-in-this-dance-demo KQED Feature: SF & Oakland Hiphop Histories Come Alive in this Dance Demo]</ref><ref name="Guzman-Sanchez, T. 2012">Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) Underground Dance Masters: Final History of a Forgotten Era. Praeger.</ref>

Popping would be eventually adapted from earlier boogaloo (freestyle dance) movements in [[Fresno, California]], in the late 1970s by way of California high school gatherings of track and meet events: the West Coast Relays.<ref name="Guzman-Sanchez, T. 2012" /><ref>Higa, B. & Wiggins, C. (1996) "Electric Kingdom" The history of popping and locking, from the people who made it happen. ''[[Rap Pages]]''. Sep. 1996: 52-67. Print.</ref> The dance is rooted in the rhythms of live [[Funk|funk music]], and is based on the technique of boogaloo's posing approach, quickly contracting and relaxing muscles to cause a jerk, or can be a sudden stop in the dancer's body, referred to as a "pose", "pop" or a "hit".<ref>Fuhrer, M. (2014) American Dance: The Complete Illustrated History. Voyaguer Press</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) "The Oakland Funk Boogaloo Generation". Underground Dance Masters: Final History of a Forgotten Era</ref><ref>The Preservatory Project (2019) Boogaloo Traditions: Interview with Kerney Mayers of The Black Messengers</ref> This is done continuously to the rhythm of a song, in combination with various movements and poses.<ref name="eb_history">{{cite web |title="Funk Styles" History & Knowledge |author=Electric Boogaloos |author-link=Electric Boogaloos |url=http://www.electricboogaloost.com/knowledge.html |access-date=2007-05-15 }}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

The dance was popularized by a Fresno and Long Beach-based dance group called the [[Electric Boogaloos]], which mixed popping techniques with boogaloo.<ref name="Guzman-Sanchez, T. 2012" /> Closely related dance styles and techniques are often integrated into popping to create a more varied performance. These dance styles include the [[robot (dance)|robot]], waving and tutting. However, popping is distinct from [[Breakdancing|breaking]] and [[locking (dance)|locking]], with which it is often confused. A popping dancer is commonly referred to as a "popper".

Popping developed before [[Hip-hop|hip hop]] and helped influence the tradition of styles of [[Hip-hop dance|hip hop dancing]].<ref>Guzman-Sanchez, T. (2012) Underground Dance Masters: Final History of a Forgotten Era. Praeger</ref><ref>Martel, D. 1992 "Wrecking Shop (Live in Brooklyn)</ref> It is often performed in [[Street dance#Battles|battles]], in which participants try to outperform each other in front of a crowd, giving room for improvisation and freestyle moves that are seldom seen in shows and performances, such as interaction with other dancers and spectators. Popping, and related styles such as waving and tutting, have also been incorporated into the [[electronica]] dance scene to some extent, influencing new styles such as [[liquid and digits]] and [[turfing]].