Editing Preston Manning (section)

{{Short description|Canadian politician (born 1942)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[The Honourable]]
| name             = Preston Manning
| honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|country=CAN|PC|CC|AOE|size=100%}}
| image            = Preston Manning February 2014 - 3 (cropped).jpg
| alt              = Manning in 2014.
| caption          = Manning in 2014
| office           = [[Leader of the Official Opposition (Canada)|Leader of the Opposition]]
| term_start       = June 2, 1997
| term_end         = March 27, 2000
| predecessor      = [[Gilles Duceppe]]
| successor        = [[Deborah Grey]] 
| office2          = Leader of the [[Reform Party of Canada]]
| term_start2      = November 1, 1987<ref name="cpac">{{cite news|title=1987 Reform Convention|url=http://www.cpac.ca/en/1987-reform-convention/|access-date=April 24, 2014|newspaper=[[CPAC (TV channel)|CPAC]]}}</ref>
| term_end2        = March 25, 2000
| predecessor2     = ''Position established''
| successor2       = [[Deborah Grey]] (as interim leader of the [[Canadian Alliance]])
| riding3          = [[Calgary Southwest]]
| parliament3      = Canadian
| term_start3      = October 25, 1993
| term_end3        = January 31, 2002
| predecessor3     = [[Bobbie Sparrow]]
| successor3       = [[Stephen Harper]]
| birth_name       = Ernest Preston Manning
| birth_date       = {{Birth date and age|1942|06|10}}
| birth_place      = [[Edmonton]], Alberta, Canada
| death_date       =
| death_place      =
| profession       =
| party            = [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative]] (since 2003)
| otherparty       = [[Social Credit Party of Canada|Social Credit]] (1965-1987)<br />[[Alberta Social Credit Party|Alberta Social Credit]]<br />[[Reform Party of Canada|Reform]] (1987{{endash}}2000)<br />[[Canadian Alliance]] (2000{{endash}}2003)
| spouse           = {{marriage|Sandra Beavis|1967}}
| children           = 5 <ref>{{cite web |last1= |first1= |title=Ernest Preston Manning |url=https://www.alberta.ca/aoe-preston-manning.aspx |website=Alberta.ca |access-date=2 January 2022}}</ref> - Andrea, Avryll, Mary-Joy, Nathan, and David
| parents = {{ubl|[[Ernest Manning]]|Muriel Aileen Manning (née Preston)}}
| residence        = [[Calgary]], Alberta, Canada
| alma_mater       = [[University of Alberta]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])
| signature        = PReston MAnning Signature.svg
}}

'''Ernest Preston Manning''' {{post-nominals|country=CAN|PC|CC|AOE}} (born June 10, 1942) is a retired Canadian politician. He was the founder and the only leader of the [[Reform Party of Canada]], a Canadian federal political party that evolved into the [[Canadian Alliance]] in 2000 which in turn merged with the [[Progressive Conservative Party of Canada|Progressive Conservative Party]] to form today's [[Conservative Party of Canada]] in 2003. Manning represented the federal constituency of [[Calgary Southwest]] in the [[House of Commons of Canada|Canadian House of Commons]] from 1993 until his retirement in 2002. He served as [[Leader of the Official Opposition (Canada)|leader of the Official Opposition]] from 1997 to 2000.

Manning is the son of former [[Social Credit Party of Alberta|Social Credit]] [[Premier of Alberta]] [[Ernest Manning]]. Earning a [[Bachelor of Arts]] in economics in 1964, Manning rose to prominence in 1987, when he and an alliance of associates created the Reform Party, an [[anti-establishment]] [[right-wing populism|right-wing populist]] party that won its first seat in [[1989 Beaver River federal by-election|1989]] and had a [[Regionalism (politics)|regionalist]], [[Western alienation|Western Canadian]] base. Shortly after that, the party rapidly gained momentum in the [[1993 Canadian federal election]], where it won 52 seats. In the [[1997 Canadian federal election|1997 federal election]], support increased as the party's number of seats rose to 60 and became the [[Official Opposition (Canada)|Official Opposition]], although Manning struggled to win ridings in [[Central Canada|Central]] and [[Atlantic Canada]] in order to become [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister]]. In 2000, the Reform Party was succeeded by the [[Canadian Alliance]]. Manning lost [[Canadian Alliance leadership elections#2000 leadership election|the leadership election]] to [[Stockwell Day]] but continued to serve in the federal parliament until his retirement in January 2002.

Manning remains active in Conservative Party politics and campaigns. Manning is also seen as the founder of the [[green conservative]] movement in Canada.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://nationalpost.com/news/politics/twenty-years-after-kyoto-preston-manning-has-become-canadian-conservatives-most-prominent-green-advocate|title = Twenty years after Kyoto, Preston Manning has become Canadian conservatives' most prominent green advocate|newspaper = National Post}}</ref> Upon his retirement, he has founded the Manning Foundation for Democratic Education and the [[Manning Centre for Building Democracy]], not-for-profit organizations dedicated to strengthening Canadian democracy in accordance with conservative principles.