Editing Pyotr Stolypin (section)

{{short description|Russian politician (1862–1911)}}
{{use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{family name hatnote|Arkadyevich|Stolypin|lang=Eastern Slavic}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Pyotr Stolypin
| native_name         = {{nobold|{{lang|ru|Пётр Столыпин}}}}
| image               = Pyotr Stolypin LOC 07327.jpg
| nationality         = [[Russia]]n
| order               = 3rd
| office              = Prime Minister of Russia
| monarch             = [[Nicholas II of Russia|Nicholas II]]
| term_start          = 21 July 1906
| term_end            = 18 September 1911
| predecessor         = [[Ivan Goremykin]]
| successor           = [[Vladimir Kokovtsov]]
| order2              = [[Minister of Internal Affairs (Russia)|Minister of Internal Affairs of Russia]]
| primeminister2      = [[Ivan Goremykin]]<br>Himself
| term_start2         = 26 April 1906
| term_end2           = 18 September 1911
| predecessor2        = [[Pyotr Nikolayevich Durnovo|Pyotr Durnovo]]
| successor2          = [[Alexander Alexandrovich Makarov|Alexander Makarov]]
| birth_name          = Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1862|04|14|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Dresden]], [[Kingdom of Saxony]], [[German Confederation]]
| death_date          = {{death date and age|1911|09|18|1862|04|14|df=y}}
| death_place         = [[Kiev]], [[Kiev Governorate]], [[Southwestern Krai]], [[Russian Empire]]
| death_cause         = [[#Assassination|Assassination]]
| resting_place       = [[Kyiv Pechersk Lavra]], Ukraine
| spouse              = Olga Borisovna von [[:File:Neidhart Siebmacher209 - Ulm.jpg|Neidhardt]]
| party               =
| president           =
}}
{{Conservatism in Russia}}

'''Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin''' ({{lang-rus|Пётр Аркадьевич Столыпин|p=pʲɵtr ɐrˈkadʲjɪvʲɪtɕ stɐˈlɨpʲɪn}}; {{OldStyleDate|14 April|1862|2 April}} – {{OldStyleDate|18 September|1911|5 September}}) was a Russian statesman who served as the third [[Prime Minister of Russia|prime minister]] and the [[Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire|interior minister]] of the [[Russian Empire]] from 1906 until his assassination in 1911. Known as the greatest reformer of Russian society and economy, he initiated reforms that caused unprecedented growth of the Russian state, which was halted by his assassination.

Born in [[Dresden]], in the [[Kingdom of Saxony]], to a prominent Russian aristocratic family, Stolypin became involved in government from his early 20s. His successes in public service led to rapid promotions, culminating in his appointment as interior minister under prime minister [[Ivan Goremykin]] in April 1906. In July, Goremykin resigned and was succeeded as prime minister by Stolypin.

As prime minister, Stolypin initiated major [[agrarian reform]]s, known as the [[Stolypin reform]], that granted the right of private land ownership to the peasantry. His tenure was also marked by increased revolutionary unrest, to which he responded with a new system of [[martial law]] that allowed for the arrest, speedy trial, and execution of accused offenders. After numerous assassination attempts, Stolypin was fatally shot in September 1911 by revolutionary [[Dmitrii Bogrov]] in [[Kyiv|Kiev]].

Stolypin was a monarchist and hoped to strengthen the throne by modernizing the rural Russian economy. Modernity and efficiency, rather than democracy, were his goals. He argued that the land question could be resolved and revolution averted only when the [[Obshchina|peasant commune]] was abolished and a stable landowning class of peasants, the [[kulak]]s, had a stake in the ''status quo''. His successes and failures have been the subject of controversy among scholars, who agree that he was one of the last major statesmen of Imperial Russia with cogent and forceful public reform policies.{{sfn|Ascher|2001|p={{page?|date=September 2024}}}}