Editing Rollback (section)

{{short description|Strategy of forcing a change}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Self reference|Within Wikipedia, "Rollback" may refer to [[Wikipedia:Rollback]].}}
[[File:US Marines with prisoners Grenada 1983.jpg|thumb|American troops detain members of the Grenadian [[People's Revolutionary Army (Grenada)|PRA]] in 1983.|alt=Two men in civilian clothes with their hands on their backs walk surrounded by three armed men in uniform. Military jeeps are seen in a second plane.]]
In [[political science]], '''rollback''' is the strategy of forcing a change in the major policies of a state, usually by [[Regime change|replacing its ruling regime]]. It contrasts with [[containment]], which means preventing the expansion of that state; and with [[détente]], which means developing a working relationship with that state. Most of the discussions of rollback in the scholarly literature deal with [[Foreign policy of the United States|United States foreign policy]] toward [[Communist state|communist countries]] during the [[Cold War]]. The rollback strategy was tried and was not successful in [[Korean War|Korea in 1950]] and in [[Bay of Pigs Invasion|Cuba in 1961]], but it was successful in [[United States invasion of Grenada|Grenada in 1983]]. The [[United States]] discussed the use of rollback during the [[East German uprising of 1953]] and the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956]], which were ultimately crushed by the [[Soviet Army]], but decided against it to avoid the risk of a major war.{{Sfn | Stöver | 2004| pp=97-102}}

Rollback of governments hostile to the U.S. took place during [[World War II]] (against Fascist Italy in 1943, Nazi Germany in 1945, and Imperial Japan in 1945), [[United States invasion of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]] (against the [[Taliban]] in 2001, though this would fail in the long term with the [[2021 Taliban offensive|Taliban returning to power in 2021]]), and [[2003 invasion of Iraq|Iraq]] (against [[Saddam Hussein]] in 2003). When directed against an established government, rollback is sometimes called "[[regime change]]".<ref>{{cite book| first =Robert | last = Litwak|title=Regime Change: U.S. Strategy Through the Prism of 9/11|url=https://archive.org/details/regimechange00robe| url-access =registration |year=2007|publisher=Johns Hopkins U.P. |page= [https://archive.org/details/regimechange00robe/page/109 109]| isbn = 9780801886423}}</ref>