Editing Rumba (section)

{{short description|Several music styles of Cuban origin}}
{{about|the usage of the term rumba in music}}
{{confusion|Roomba}}

The term '''rumba''' may refer to a variety of unrelated [[music genre|music styles]]. Originally, "rumba" was used as a synonym for "party" in northern [[Cuba]], and by the late 19th century it was used to denote the complex of secular music styles known as [[Cuban rumba]].<ref>Alén Rodríguez, Olavo (2010). "[http://afrocubaweb.com/cidmuc.htm A History of the Congas]". ''AfroCubaWeb''. Retrieved November 6, 2015.</ref><ref>Peñalosa, David (2011). ''Rumba Quinto''. Bembe Books. p. 183.</ref> Since the early 20th century the term has been used in different countries to refer to distinct styles of music and dance, most of which are only tangentially related to the original Cuban rumba, if at all. The vague [[Cuban rumba#Etymology|etymological origin of the term rumba]], as well as its interchangeable use with [[guaracha]] in settings such as [[Cuban musical theatre|bufo theatre]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Moore|first1=Robin|title=Nationalizing Blackness: Afrocubansimo and artistic Revolution in Havana, 1920-1940|date=1997|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press|location=Pittsburgh, PA|page=54|isbn=9780822971856|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ytvh3Nkce7QC}}</ref> is largely responsible for such worldwide [[polysemy]] of the term. In addition, "rumba" was the primary marketing term for [[Cuban music]] in North America, as well as West and Central Africa, during much of the 20th century, before the rise of [[mambo (music)|mambo]], [[pachanga]] and [[salsa (music)|salsa]].

"Rumba" entered the English lexicon in the early 20th century, at least as early as 1919, and by 1935 it was used as a verb to denote the [[rhumba|ballroom dance]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Harper|first1=Douglas|title=rumba|url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/rumba|website=Online Etymology Dictionary|access-date=December 5, 2017}}</ref> In this sense, the anglicised spelling "rhumba" became prevalent and is now recommended to distinguish it from traditional Cuban rumba.<ref name="DB">{{cite book|last1=Drake-Boyt|first1=Elizabeth|title=Latin Dance|date=2011|publisher=Greenwood|location=Santa Barbara, CA|pages=43–46|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UqFT_ziylIsC|chapter=Rhumba|isbn=9780313376092}}</ref> Also in the first third of the 20th century, "rumba" entered the Spanish [[flamenco]] world as a fast-paced ''[[palo (flamenco)|palo]]'' (style) inspired in the Cuban guaracha, and which gave rise to other forms of urban music now known as "rumba". Throughout Latin America, "rumba" acquired different connotations, mostly referring to Cubanized, danceable, local styles, such as Colombian ''rumba criolla'' (creole rumba). At the same time, "rumba" began to be used a catch-all term for Afro-Cuban music in most African countries, later giving rise to re-Africanized Cuban-based styles such as [[Congolese rumba]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Waxer|first1=Lisa|title=Situating Salsa: Global Markets and Local Meanings in Latin Popular Music|date=2002|publisher=Routledge|location=New York, NY|page=12|isbn=9781135725341|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-AQVAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA12}}</ref>