Editing S&P 500 (section)

{{Short description|American stock market index}}
{{for|a list of S&P 500 companies|List of S&P 500 companies}}
{{Infobox financial index
| name         = S&amp;P 500
| logo         =
| image        = S & P 500.webp
| image_upright= 1.2
| caption      = S&P 500 Index from 1970 to 2023
| foundation   = {{Start date and age|1957|3|4}}<ref name=keydates/>
| operator     = [[S&P Dow Jones Indices]]<ref name=sp500r/>
| symbol       = {{ubl|^GSPC|$SPX|SPX||.SPX|.INX}}
| exchanges    = {{ubl|[[New York Stock Exchange|NYSE]]|[[Nasdaq]]|[[Cboe Global Markets|Cboe BZX Exchange]]}}
| constituents = [[List of S&P 500 companies|503]]<ref name=sp500r/>
| cap_level    = [[Market capitalization#Market cap terms|Large-cap]]<ref name=sp500r/>
| mcap         = {{US$|49.547 trillion|link=yes}}<br />(as of April 30, 2025)
| weighting    = [[Capitalization-weighted index#Free-float weighting|Free-float capitalization-weighted]]<ref name=S&P500Methodology>{{cite web | url=https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/documents/methodologies/methodology-sp-us-indices.pdf | title=S&P U.S. Indices Methodology |publisher=[[S&P Global]] |  date=March 2025}}</ref>
| related      = {{unbulleted list|[[S&P 1500]]|[[S&P Global 1200]]|[[S&P 100]]}}
| homepage     = {{URL|https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/indices/equity/sp-500/|spglobal.com/sp-500}}
}}
{{Pie chart
| caption = [[Global Industry Classification Standard]] of components of the S&P 500 by market capitalization as of May 1, 2025<ref name=ivv>{{Cite web | url=https://www.ishares.com/us/products/239726/ishares-core-sp-500-etf | title=iShares Core S&P 500 ETF | publisher=[[iShares]]}}</ref>
| value1 = 3.16
| label1 = Energy
| value2 = 1.98
| label2 = Materials
| value3 = 8.52
| label3 = Industrials
| value4 = 10.35
| label4 = Consumer Discretionary
| value5 = 6.06
| label5 = Consumer Staples
| value6 = 10.43
| label6 = Healthcare
| value7 = 14.32
| label7 = Financials
| value8 = 30.71
| label8 = Information Technology
| value9 = 9.38
| label9 = Communication Services
| value10 = 2.55
| label10 = Utilities
| value11 = 2.24
| label11 = Real Estate
}}
{{ multiple image | total_width=650
| image1 = S and P 500 daily linear chart 1950 to 2016.png |caption1= A linear chart of the S&P 500 daily closing values from January 3, 1950, to February 19, 2016
| image2 = S&P 500 daily logarithmic chart 1950 to 2016.png |caption2= A logarithmic chart of the S&P 500 index daily closing values from January 3, 1950, to February 19, 2016
| image3 = S and P 500 daily volume chart 1950 to 2016.png |caption3= A daily volume chart of the S&P 500 index from January 3, 1950, to February 19, 2016
}}
[[File:1985- S&P 500 index - percent changes by month.svg |thumb |Though there is large variability in month-to-month changes in the S&P 500 index (gray lines), a seasonal pattern emerges when the monthly change values are averaged (bold line).<ref name=YahooFinance_SPX>{{cite web |title=S&P 500 INDEX (^SPX) |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/%5ESPX/history/?frequency=1mo&period1=-1325583000&period2=1746313183 |publisher=Yahoo Finance |location=Choose Max (time period), "Historical prices", "monthly" |url-status=live}}</ref>]]
[[File:S&P 500 Chart 2025.svg|thumb|S&P 500 Max Min Chart to Jan 2025 with Trend, with plots less Inflation, and comparison plots]]

The '''Standard and Poor's 500''', or simply the '''S&P 500''',<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/SandP-500 |title=S&P 500 |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}</ref> is a [[stock market index]] tracking the stock performance of 500 leading companies listed on [[stock exchange]]s in the [[United States]]. It is one of the most commonly followed equity indices and includes approximately 80% of the total [[market capitalization]] of U.S. public companies, with an aggregate market cap of more than $49.8 trillion as of March 31, 2025.<ref name=sp500r>{{cite web | url=https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/indices/equity/sp-500/#overview | title=S&P 500® | publisher=[[S&P Global]]}}</ref>

The S&P 500 index is a [[Free-float]] weighted/[[capitalization-weighted index]]. As of April 2025, the ten largest companies on the [[list of S&P 500 companies]] accounted for approximately 35% of the market capitalization of the index and were, in order of highest to lowest weighting: [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] (6.4%), [[Microsoft]] (6.2%), [[Nvidia]] (6.0%), [[Amazon (company)|Amazon.com]] (3.8%), [[Alphabet Inc.|Alphabet]] (3.6%, including both class A & C shares), [[Meta Platforms]] (2.7%), [[Berkshire Hathaway]] (2.0%), [[Broadcom]] (1.8%), [[Tesla, Inc.|Tesla]] (1.6%), and [[JPMorgan Chase]] (1.4%).<ref name=ivv/> The components that have increased their dividends in 25 consecutive years are known as the [[S&P 500 Dividend Aristocrats]].<ref>{{Cite report |title=S&P Dividend Aristocrats Indices Methodology |date=September 1, 2023 |url=https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/documents/methodologies/methodology-sp-dividend-aristocrats-indices.pdf |publisher=[[S&P Dow Jones Indices]] |page=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231123105847/https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/documents/methodologies/methodology-sp-dividend-aristocrats-indices.pdf |archive-date=November 23, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Companies in the S&P 500 derive a collective 72% of revenues from the United States and 28% from other countries.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/how-tariffs-are-forecast-to-affect-us-stocks | title=How tariffs are forecast to affect US stocks | work=[[Goldman Sachs]] | date=February 7, 2025}}</ref>

The index is one of the factors in computation of the [[Conference Board Leading Economic Index]], used to forecast the direction of the economy.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://conference-board.org/data/bcicountry.cfm?cid=1 | title=Global Business Cycle Indicators | publisher=[[The Conference Board]]}}</ref> The index is associated with many [[ticker symbol]]s, including ^GSPC,<ref>{{cite web | title=Yahoo! Finance: ^GSPC | publisher=[[Yahoo! Finance]] | url=https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/^GSPC}}</ref> .INX,<ref>{{cite web | title=Google Finance: .INX | publisher=[[Google Finance]] | url=https://www.google.com/search?q=INDEXSP:.INX}}</ref> and SPX, depending on market or website.<ref>{{cite web | title=S&P 500 Index Quote | publisher=[[MarketWatch]] | url=https://www.marketwatch.com/investing/index/SPX}}</ref> The S&P 500 is maintained by [[S&P Dow Jones Indices]], a [[joint venture]] majority-owned by [[S&P Global]], and its components are selected by a committee.<ref name=S&P500Methodology/>