Editing S (programming language) (section)

{{Short description|Statistical programming language}}
{{Infobox programming language
| name = S
| logo = 
| paradigm = [[Multi-paradigm programming language|Multi-paradigm]]: [[imperative programming|imperative]], [[object oriented programming|object oriented]]
| year = {{start date and age|1976}}
| designer = 
| developer = Rick Becker, Allan Wilks, [[John Chambers (statistician)|John Chambers]], [[William S. Cleveland]], [[Trevor Hastie]]
| latest_release_version = 
| latest_release_date = 
| typing = [[type system|dynamic]], [[strong typing|strong]]
| implementations = [[S-PLUS]]
| dialects = 
| influenced_by = [[C (programming language)|C]], [[APL (programming language)|APL]], [[Polymorphic Programming Language|PPL]], [[Fortran]]
| influenced = [[R (programming language)|R]]<!--belongs here, since influenced only, but not exact implementation (cf C to C++)-->
| operating_system = 
| license = depends on implementation
<!--| [[Garbage Collected|garbage collection]] = yes--><!--commented due to template error-->| website = {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181014111802/http://ect.bell-labs.com/sl/S/ |date=2018-10-14 |title=ect.bell-labs.com/sl/S/}}
}}
'''S'''<ref name=":0" /> is a statistical [[programming language]] developed primarily by [[John Chambers (statistician)|John Chambers]] and (in earlier versions) Rick Becker, [[Trevor Hastie]], [[William S. Cleveland|William Cleveland]] and Allan Wilks of [[Bell Labs|Bell Laboratories]].  The aim of the language, as expressed by John Chambers, is "to turn ideas into software, quickly and faithfully".<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Programming with Data: A Guide to the S Language|last=Chambers|first=John M|publisher=Springer|year=1998|isbn=978-0-387-98503-9}}</ref> It was formerly widely used by academic researchers.,<ref>{{Cite web |title=S-Plus: An Introduction |url=https://www.stat.rice.edu/~helpdesk/tutorial/Stut01.html |access-date=2024-02-28 |website=www.stat.rice.edu}}</ref> but has now been superseded by the partially [[backwards compatible]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Nicholls |first1=Andy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IPA0CwAAQBAJ&dq=is+r+code+backwards+compatible+with+s&pg=PP38 |title=R in 24 Hours, Sams Teach Yourself |last2=Pugh |first2=Richard |last3=Gott |first3=Aimee |date=2015-12-16 |publisher=Sams Publishing |isbn=978-0-13-428880-2 |language=en}}</ref> [[R (programming language)|R language]], a part of the [[GNU]] free software project.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last1=Ashwani |first1=Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XLgIEAAAQBAJ&dq=trevor+hastie+s+language&pg=PA179 |title=Advancements in Security and Privacy Initiatives for Multimedia Images |last2=Satyanarayana |first2=Reddy, Seelam Sai |date=2020-09-25 |publisher=IGI Global |isbn=978-1-7998-2797-9 |pages=179 |language=en}}</ref> [[S-PLUS]] was a widely used commercial implementation of S that was formerly sold by [[TIBCO Software]].