Editing San Diego (section)

{{Pp-move}}
{{Short description|City in California, United States}}
{{About|the city in California}}
{{Good article}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See the table at Template:Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of their usage. -->| name               = San Diego <!--Do not add state, per Infobox:settlement.-->
| settlement_type    = [[List of municipalities in California|City]]
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
  | border             = infobox
  | perrow             = 1/2/3/2
  | total_width        = 280
  | caption_align      = center
  | image1             = San Diego skyline 18 (cropped).jpg
  | alt1               = Downtown San Diego skyline
  | caption1           = [[Downtown San Diego]] skyline
  | image2             = La Jolla Shores view (cropped).jpg
  | alt2               = La Jolla Shores
  | caption2           = [[La Jolla]]
  | image3             = Mission San Diego (cropped2).jpg
  | alt3               = Mission San Diego de Alcalá
  | caption3           = [[Mission San Diego de Alcalá]]
  | image4             = Balboa Park6 (cropped3).jpg
  | alt4               = California Tower at Balboa Park
  | caption4           = [[California Quadrangle|California Tower]] at [[Balboa Park (San Diego)|Balboa Park]]
  | image5             = Cortez Hill, San Diego, CA 92101, USA - panoramio (5).jpg
  | alt5               = El Cortez
  | caption5           = [[El Cortez (San Diego)|El Cortez]]
  | image6             = Balboa Theatre, San Diego 01 (cropped2).jpg
  | alt6               = Balboa Theatre
  | caption6           = [[Balboa Theatre]]
 }}
| image_flag         = Flag of San Diego, California.svg
| image_seal         = Seal of San Diego, California.svg
| flag_size          = 120px
| image_blank_emblem = Logo of San Diego, California.svg
| blank_emblem_type  = Logo
| nicknames          = "America's Finest City",<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-12-25-vw-21243-story.html | title=WHO DECIDED . . . ? : . . . To name San Diego 'America's Finest City'? | website=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=December 26, 1984 }}</ref> "Birthplace of California", "City in Motion"<ref>{{Cite web|title=California City Nicknames List|url=http://www.seecalifornia.com/california/city-nicknames.html|access-date=December 29, 2020|website=www.seecalifornia.com}}</ref><!--see discussion page regarding "the 619"-->
| motto              = {{langnf|la|Semper Vigilans|Always Vigilant}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Official City of San Diego Seal |url=https://www.sandiego.gov/city-clerk/aboutus/factshistory/seal |website=The City of San Diego |publisher=City of San Diego |access-date=4 December 2024}}</ref>
| image_map          = San Diego County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas San Diego Highlighted.svg
| mapsize            = 250x200px
| map_caption        = Location of San Diego in [[San Diego County, California]]
| pushpin_map        = California#USA#North America
| pushpin_relief     = yes
| pushpin_label      = San Diego
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within California##Location within the United States
<!-- Location ------------->| coordinates        = {{coord|32|42|54|N|117|09|45|W|region:US-CA_city(1,400,000)|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in California|County]]
| subdivision_name   = {{flagu|United States}}
| subdivision_name1  = {{flag|California}}
| subdivision_name2  = [[San Diego County, California|San Diego]]
<!-- History -------------->| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = {{start date and age|1769|7|16}}
| established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date2  = March 27, 1850<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
 |title=California Cities by Incorporation Date
 |format=Word
 |publisher=California Association of [[Local Agency Formation Commission]]s
 |access-date=August 25, 2014
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103002921/http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
 |archive-date=November 3, 2014
}}</ref>
<!-- Government ----------->| named_for          = [[Didacus of Alcalá|Saint Didacus of Alcalá]]
<!-- Images and maps ------>| government_type    = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor-council]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://docs.sandiego.gov/citycharter/Article%20XV.pdf
| title = City of San Diego City Charter, Article XV
| publisher = City of San Diego
| access-date = November 5, 2014}}</ref>
| governing_body     = [[San Diego City Council]]
| leader_title       = [[Mayor of San Diego|Mayor]]
| leader_name        = [[Todd Gloria]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
| leader_title1      = [[San Diego City Attorney|City Attorney]]
| leader_name1       = [[Heather Ferbert]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.sandiego.gov/cityattorney/
 |title=Office of the City Attorney
 |date=November 6, 2015
|publisher=The City of San Diego
 |access-date=December 14, 2016}}</ref>
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| total_type         = Total
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_06.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 1, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 964.56
| area_total_sq_mi   = 372.42
| area_land_km2      = 844.02
| area_land_sq_mi    = 325.88
| area_water_km2     = 120.54
| area_water_sq_mi   = 46.54
| area_water_percent = 12.68
<!-- Elevation ------------>| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="usgs">{{Cite GNIS|2411782|City of San Diego|access-date= October 16, 2014}}</ref>
| elevation_min_ft   = 0
| elevation_min_point = [[Pacific Ocean]]
| elevation_max_point = [[Cowles Mountain]]
<!-- Population ----------->| elevation_max_footnotes = <ref name="city data">{{cite web |url= http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/The-West/San-Diego-Geography-and-Climate.html |title= San Diego: Geography and Climate |work= city-data.com |access-date= October 16, 2014}}</ref>
| population_total   = 1386932
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name="QuickFacts">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/sandiegocitycalifornia/PST045222|title=QuickFacts: San Diego city, California|website=census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 1, 2023}}</ref>
| population_est     = 1,404,452
| pop_est_as_of      = 2024
| pop_est_footnotes  = <ref name="h138">{{cite web | title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: San Diego city, California | website=Census Bureau QuickFacts | date=2024-07-01 | url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/sandiegocitycalifornia/LFE041223 | access-date=2025-05-15}}</ref>
| population_density_sq_mi = 4255.96
| population_density_km2 = 1643.25
| population_urban   = 3,070,300 (US: [[List of United States urban areas|15th]])
| population_density_urban_km2 = 1,756.9
| population_density_urban_sq_mi = 4,550.5
| population_urban_footnotes = <ref name="urban area">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/geography/guidance/geo-areas/urban-rural.html|title=List of 2020 Census Urban Areas|website=census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 8, 2023}}</ref>
| population_metro_footnotes = <ref name="2020Pop">{{cite web |title=2020 Population and Housing State Data |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref>
| population_metro   = 3276208 (US: [[List of metropolitan statistical areas|18th]])
| population_rank    = [[List of North American cities by population|20th]] in North America<br />[[List of United States cities by population|8th]] in the United States<br />[[List of largest cities in California by population|2nd]] in California
| population_demonym = San Diegan
<!-- GDP ----------->| demographics_type2 = GDP
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="bea.gov">{{cite web |url = https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/NGMP41740|title = Total Gross Domestic Product for San Diego-Carlsbad, CA (MSA)|website = U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis }}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = San Diego (MSA)
| demographics2_info1 = $295.6 billion (2022)
<!-- Time zones ----------->| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP Code]]s<ref>{{cite web
 | url = https://tools.usps.com/go/ZipLookupAction!input.action
 | title = ZIP Code(tm) Lookup
 | publisher = [[United States Postal Service]]
 | access-date = November 19, 2014}}</ref>
| postal_code        = 92101–92124, 92126–92132, 92134–92140, 92142–92143, 92145, 92147, 92149–92150, 92152–92155, 92158–92161, 92163, 92165–92179, 92182, 92186–92187, 92191–92193, 92195–92199
| area_code          = [[Area codes 619 and 858|619/858]]
| area_code_type     = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area codes]]
| leader_title2      = [[San Diego City Council|City Council]]<ref>{{cite web
 | url = http://www.sandiego.gov/citycouncil/
 | title = City Council Offices
 | publisher = City of San Diego
 | access-date = December 10, 2014}}</ref>
| leader_name2       = {{Collapsible list
 |title       = 
 |frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
 |title_style = <!-- (optional) -->
 |list_style  = text-align:left;display:none;
 |1           = • [[Joe LaCava]]<br />D-District 1
 |2           = • [[Jennifer Campbell (politician)|Jennifer Campbell]]<br />D-District 2
 |3           = • [[Stephen Whitburn]]<br />D-District 3
 |4           = • [[Henry L. Foster III]]<br />D-District 4
 |5           = • [[Marni von Wilpert]]<br />D-District 5
 |6           = • [[Kent Lee (politician)|Kent Lee]]<br />D-District 6
 |7           = • [[Raul Campillo]]<br />D-District 7
 |8           = • [[Vivian Moreno]]<br />D-District 8
 |9           = • [[Sean Elo-Rivera]]<br />D-District 9}}
| leader_title3      = [[California State Assembly|State Assembly Members]]
| leader_name3       = {{Collapsible list
 |frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
 |list_style = text-align:left;
 |1 = • [[Carl DeMaio]]<br />R-75th District
 |2 = • [[Darshana Patel]]<br />D-76th District
 |3 = • [[Tasha Boerner]]<br />D-77th District
 |4 = • [[Chris Ward (American politician)|Chris Ward]]<br />D-78th District
 |5 = • [[LaShae Sharp-Collins]]<br />D-79th District
 |6 = • [[David Alvarez (politician)|David Alvarez]]<br />D-80th District}}
| leader_title4      = [[California State Senate|State Senators]]
| leader_name4       = {{Collapsible list
 |frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
 |list_style = text-align:left;
 |1 = • [[Steve Padilla]]<br />D-18th District
 |2 = • [[Catherine Blakespear]]<br />D-38th District
 |3 = • [[Akilah Weber]]<br />D-39th District
 |4 = • [[Brian Jones (politician)|Brian Jones]]<br />R-40th District}}
<!-- Area ----------------->| elevation_max_ft   = 1591
| timezone           = [[Pacific Time Zone|PST]]
| utc_offset         = −08:00
| timezone_DST       = [[Pacific Daylight Time|PDT]]
| utc_offset_DST     = −07:00
<!-- Codes ---------------->| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = {{FIPS|06|66000}}
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature IDs
| blank1_info        = {{GNIS 4|1661377}}, {{GNIS 4|2411782}}
<!-- Other ---------------->| website            = {{URL|https://www.sandiego.gov}}
| native_name        = 
| highways           = {{jct|state=CA|I|5}}
}}

'''San Diego''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|s|æ|n|_|d|i|ˈ|eɪ|ɡ|oʊ|audio=En-us-san diego.ogg}} {{respell|SAN|_|dee|AY|goh}}, {{IPA|es|san ˈdjeɣo|lang}}) is a city on the [[Pacific coast]] of [[Southern California]], adjacent to the [[Mexico–United States border]]. With a population of over 1.4 million, it is the [[List of United States cities by population|eighth-most populous city in the United States]]. San Diego is the [[county seat|seat]] of [[San Diego County]].<ref name="County QuickFacts">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/sandiegocountycalifornia/PST045222|title=QuickFacts: San Diego County, California|website=census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 22, 2023}}</ref> It is known for its mild [[Mediterranean climate]], extensive [[List of beaches in San Diego County|beaches]] and [[List of parks in San Diego|parks]], long association with the [[United States Navy]], and recent emergence as a [[List of hospitals in San Diego|healthcare]] and [[biotechnology]] development center.

Historically home to the [[Kumeyaay]] people, San Diego has been referred to as the ''Birthplace of California'', as it was the first site visited and settled by Europeans on what is now the [[West Coast of the United States]].<ref>{{cite book|last=McGrew|first=Clarence Alan|url=https://archive.org/details/citysandiegoand00socigoog|title=City of San Diego and San Diego County: the birthplace of California|publisher=American Historical Society|year=1922|access-date=July 23, 2011}}</ref> In 1542, [[Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo]] claimed the area for [[Spain]], forming the basis for the settlement of [[Alta California]], 200 years later. The [[Presidio of San Diego|Presidio]] and [[Mission San Diego de Alcalá]], founded in 1769, formed the first European settlement in what is now California. In 1821, San Diego became part of the newly declared [[First Mexican Empire|Mexican Empire]]. California was [[Mexican Cession|ceded to the U.S.]] in 1848 following the [[Mexican–American War]] and was [[California Statehood Act|admitted as the 31st state]] in 1850.

The largest sectors of the [[economy of San Diego]] include military and defense-related activities, tourism, international trade, research, and manufacturing. The city is home to several universities, including [[University of California, San Diego|UC San Diego]], [[San Diego State University]], and the [[University of San Diego]]. San Diego is the economic center of the [[San Diego–Tijuana]] region, the second-most populous [[transborder agglomeration|transborder metropolitan area]] in the Western Hemisphere, home to an estimated five million people as of 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ayling |first=Marko |date=December 30, 2022 |title=San Diego and Tijuana: a vanishing border? |url=https://mexiconewsdaily.com/travel/san-diego-and-tijuana-a-vanishing-border/ |access-date=April 30, 2024 |website=Mexico News Daily |language=en-US}}</ref> The primary border crossing between San Diego and [[Tijuana]], the [[San Ysidro Port of Entry]], is the busiest international land border crossing in the world outside of Asia ([[Border checkpoint#Busiest checkpoints in the world|fourth-busiest]] overall). [[San Diego International Airport]] (SAN) is the busiest single-runway airport in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 20, 2017|title=San Diego Int'l Airport will dig up the runway every night for a year|first1=Jeanette|last1=Steele|url=https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/business/growth-development/sd-fi-airport-runway-digging-project-20171120-story.html|access-date=January 26, 2021|website=San Diego Union-Tribune|language=en-US}}</ref>