Editing Sea turtle (section)

{{Short description|Reptiles of the superfamily Chelonioidea}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Sea turtles
| fossil_range = <br />[[Early Cretaceous]] – [[Holocene]],<ref name=hirTong2003>{{cite journal |author1=Hirayama R |author2=Tong H |year=2003 |doi=10.1111/1475-4983.00322 |title=''Osteopygis'' (Testudines: Cheloniidae) from the Lower Tertiary of the Ouled Abdoun phosphate basin, Morocco |journal=Palaeontology |volume=46 |issue=5 |pages=845–56|doi-access=free |bibcode=2003Palgy..46..845H }}</ref> {{fossilrange|110|0}}
| image = Chelonia mydas is going for the air edit.jpg
| image_caption = A [[green sea turtle]], a species of the sea turtle superfamily
| display_parents = 2
| taxon = Chelonioidea
| authority = Bauer, 1893<ref name="Rhodin11" />
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision = 
* [[Dermochelyidae]]
* [[Cheloniidae]]
* †[[Ctenochelyidae]]
| synonyms = Chelonii <small>- Oppel, 1811</small>
<br />Chlonopteria <small>- Rafinesque, 1814</small>
<br />Cheloniae <small>- Schmid, 1819</small>
<br />Edigitata <small>- Haworth, 1825</small>
<br />Oiacopodae <small>- Wagler, 1828</small>
<br />Pterodactyli <small>- Mayer, 1849</small>
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="Rhodin11">{{cite journal |url=http://www.iucn-tftsg.org/wp-content/uploads/file/Accounts/crm_5_000_checklist_v4_2011.pdf |title=Turtles of the world, 2011 update: Annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution and conservation status |journal=Chelonian Research Monographs |volume=5 |date=2011-12-31 |author1=Rhodin, Anders G.J. |author2=van Dijk, Peter Paul |author3=Inverson, John B. |author4=Shaffer, H. Bradley |author5=Roger, Bour |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131102839/http://www.iucn-tftsg.org/wp-content/uploads/file/Accounts/crm_5_000_checklist_v4_2011.pdf |archive-date=2012-01-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}

'''Sea turtles''' (superfamily '''Chelonioidea'''), sometimes called '''marine turtles''',<ref>{{cite book|title=Conservation Genetics |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=XHKpPwAACAAJ}}|last1=Avise |first1=J. C. |last2=Hamrick |first2=J. L. |publisher=Springer |year=1996 |isbn=978-0412055812}}</ref> are reptiles of the order [[Testudines]] and of the suborder [[Cryptodira]]. The seven existing species of sea turtles are the [[flatback sea turtle|flatback]], [[green sea turtle|green]], [[hawksbill sea turtle|hawksbill]], [[leatherback sea turtle|leatherback]], [[loggerhead sea turtle|loggerhead]], [[Kemp's ridley sea turtle|Kemp's ridley]], and [[olive ridley sea turtle|olive ridley]].<ref name=":12">{{cite web|title = Sea Turtles :: NOAA Fisheries|url = http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/turtles/|website = www.nmfs.noaa.gov|access-date = 2015-12-20|language = en-us|first = NOAA|last = Fisheries}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.seaturtlestatus.org/meet-the-turtles|title=Sea Turtle Species|website=The State of the World's Sea Turtles|access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>
Six of the seven sea turtle species, all but the flatback, are present in U.S. waters, and are listed as endangered and/or threatened under the [[Endangered Species Act of 1973|Endangered Species Act]].<ref name=":23">{{cite book |title=Assessment of Sea-Turtle Status and Trends: Integrating Demography and Abundance |date=2010 |publisher=National Academies Press |doi=10.17226/12889 |isbn=978-0-309-15255-6 |url=https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/12889 }}{{pn|date=November 2022}}</ref> They are listed as threatened with extinction globally on the [[IUCN Red List]] of Threatened Species. The flatback turtle is found only in the waters of Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia.<ref name="flatback-article">{{cite web|url=https://www.seaturtlestatus.org/articles/2009/1/27/the-flatback-australias-own-sea-turtle|title=The Flatback: Australia's Own Sea Turtle|website=The State of the World's Sea Turtles|access-date=30 October 2023|date=2023-10-30}}</ref><ref name=":23" /> 

Sea turtles can be categorized as hard-shelled ([[Cheloniidae|cheloniid]]) or leathery-shelled ([[Dermochelyidae|dermochelyid]]).<ref name=":24">Wyneken, J. 2001. The Anatomy of Sea Turtles. U.S Department of Commerce NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-470, 1-172 pp.</ref> The only dermochelyid species of sea turtle is the leatherback.<ref name=":24" />