Editing Selwyn Lloyd (section)

{{Short description|British politician (1904–1978)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]
| name             = The Lord Selwyn-Lloyd
| honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|CH|CBE|TD|PC|QC|DL}}
| image            = SelwynLloyd1960.jpg
| caption          = Lloyd in 1960
| office           = [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons<br>of the United Kingdom]]
| term_start       = 12 January 1971
| term_end         = 3 February 1976
| monarch          = [[Elizabeth II]]
| primeminister    = {{ubl|[[Edward Heath]]|[[Harold Wilson]]}}
| predecessor      = [[Horace King, Baron Maybray-King|Horace King]]
| successor        = [[George Thomas, 1st Viscount Tonypandy|George Thomas]]
| office1          = [[Shadow Leader of the House of Commons]]
| term_start1      = 16 October 1964
| term_end1        = 4 August 1965
| leader1          = [[Alec Douglas-Home]]
| predecessor1     = [[Herbert Bowden]]
| successor1       = [[Fred Peart]]
| office2          = [[Leader of the House of Commons]]<br />[[Lord Privy Seal|Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal]]
| term_start2      = 18 October 1963
| term_end2        = 16 October 1964
| primeminister2   = [[Alec Douglas-Home]]
| predecessor2     = [[Iain Macleod]]
| successor2       = [[Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford|The Earl of Longford]]
| office3          = [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]
| term_start3      = 27 July 1960
| term_end3        = 13 July 1962
| primeminister3   = [[Harold Macmillan]]
| predecessor3     = [[Derick Heathcoat Amory]]
| successor3       = [[Reginald Maudling]]
| office4          = [[Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)|Foreign Secretary]]
| term_start4      = 22 December 1955
| term_end4        = 27 July 1960
| primeminister4   = {{plainlist|
*[[Anthony Eden]]
*[[Harold Macmillan]]}}
| predecessor4     = [[Harold Macmillan]]
| successor4       = [[Alec Douglas-Home]]
| office5          = [[Minister of Defence (United Kingdom)|Minister of Defence]]
| term_start5      = 7 April 1955
| term_end5        = 20 December 1955
| primeminister5   = [[Anthony Eden]]
| predecessor5     = [[Harold Macmillan]]
| successor5       = [[Walter Monckton]]
| office6          = [[Minister of Supply]]
| term_start6      = 18 October 1954
| term_end6        = 7 April 1955
| primeminister6   = [[Winston Churchill]]
| predecessor6     = [[Duncan Sandys]]
| successor6       = [[Reginald Maudling]]
| office7          = [[Member of the House of Lords]]<br />[[Lord Temporal]]
| term_start7      = 8 March 1976
| term_end7        = 17 May 1978<br />[[Life peer]]age
| office8          = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] <br /> for [[Wirral (UK Parliament constituency)|Wirral]]
| term_start8      = 5 July 1945
| term_end8        = 11 February 1976<ref>{{cite web | url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-selwyn-lloyd/index.html | title=Mr Selwyn Lloyd (Hansard) }}</ref>
| predecessor8     = [[Alan Graham (British politician)|Alan Crosland Graham]]
| successor8       = [[David Hunt, Baron Hunt of Wirral|David Hunt]]
| birth_name       = John Selwyn Brooke Lloyd
| birth_date       = {{birth date|1904|7|28|df=y}}
| birth_place      = [[West Kirby]], [[Cheshire]], England
| death_date       = {{death date and age|1978|5|17|1904|7|28|df=y}}
| death_place      = [[Preston Crowmarsh]], [[Oxfordshire]], England
| party            = {{plainlist|
*[[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] (before 1945)
*[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] (1945–1971)
*[[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)#Non-partisanship|None]] (after 1971)
}}
| alma_mater       = {{plainlist|
*[[Fettes College]]
*[[Magdalene College, Cambridge]]}}
| spouse           = {{Marriage|Elizabeth Marshall|1951|1957|end=divorced}} (died 2010)
| children         = 1
| module           = {{Infobox military person |embed=yes
   | allegiance  = {{GBR}}
   |branch       = {{flagicon image|Flag of the British Army (1938-present).png}} [[British Army]]
   |serviceyears = 1937–1955
   |rank         = [[Colonel (United Kingdom)|Colonel]]
   |unit         = [[Royal Artillery]]
   |commands     = 
   |battles      = {{tree list}}
*[[Second World War]]
*[[Operation Overlord]]
**[[Falaise Pocket]]
*[[Allied advance from Paris to the Rhine]]
*[[Operation Plunder]]
{{tree list/end}}
   |awards       = [[Commander of the Order of the British Empire]]<br />[[Mentioned in despatches]] (2x)<br />[[Territorial Decoration]]<br />[[Legion of Merit]] (Commander)
  }}
}}

'''John Selwyn Brooke Selwyn-Lloyd, Baron Selwyn-Lloyd''' (28 July 1904 – 17 May 1978<ref>{{cite news |title=Former Speaker Selwyn Lloyd is dead |agency=[[Reuters]] |newspaper=The Guardian (London) |date=18 May 1978 |page=1 |quote=Lord Selwyn-Lloyd, the Tory elder statesman who was Speaker of the House of Commons for five years, died at his home in Oxfordshire last night. }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Lord Selwyn-Lloyd, 73 |agency=[[UPI]] |newspaper=The Boston Globe |date=18 May 1978 |page=2 |quote=Lord Selwyn-Lloyd... died yesterday at the age of 73}}</ref>), was a British politician who served as [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]] from 1971 to 1976, having previously held various ministerial positions under [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Ministers]] [[Winston Churchill]], [[Anthony Eden]], [[Harold Macmillan]] and [[Alec Douglas-Home]] between 1954 and 1964. A member of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]],{{Efn|From 1945 to 1971}} Lloyd served as [[Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)|Foreign Secretary]] from 1955 to 1960 and as [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]] from 1960 to 1962. He was the [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for [[Wirral (UK Parliament constituency)|Wirral]] from 1945 to 1976.

Born and raised in [[Cheshire]], Lloyd was an active [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] as a young man in the 1920s. In the following decade, he practised as a [[barrister]] and served on [[Hoylake Urban District]] Council, by which time he had become a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] sympathiser. During the Second World War he rose to be Deputy Chief of Staff of [[Second Army (United Kingdom)|Second Army]], playing an important role in planning sea transport to the [[Normandy landings|Normandy beachhead]] and reaching the acting rank of [[Brigadier (United Kingdom)|brigadier]].

Elected to Parliament in [[1945 United Kingdom general election|1945]] as a Conservative, he held ministerial office from [[1951 United Kingdom general election|1951]], eventually rising to be [[Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)|Foreign Secretary]] under Prime Minister [[Anthony Eden]] from April 1955. His tenure coincided with the [[Suez Crisis]], for which he at first attempted to negotiate a peaceful settlement, before reluctantly assisting with Eden's wish to negotiate collusion with France and Israel as a prelude to military action. He continued as Foreign Secretary under the premiership of [[Harold Macmillan]] until July 1960, when he was moved to the job of [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]. In this job he set up the [[National Economic Development Council|NEDC]], but became an increasingly unpopular figure because of the contractionary measures which he felt compelled to take, including the "Pay Pause" of July 1961, culminating in the sensational Liberal victory at the [[1962 Orpington by-election|Orpington by-election]] in March 1962. In July 1962 Macmillan dismissed him from the Cabinet, making him the highest-profile casualty in the reshuffle known as the "[[Night of the Long Knives (1962)|Night of the Long Knives]]".

He returned to office under Prime Minister [[Alec Douglas-Home]] as [[Leader of the House of Commons]] (1963–64), and was [[1971 Speaker of the British House of Commons election|elected]] [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]] from 1971 until his retirement in 1976.