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Senet
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{{Short description|Ancient Egyptian board game}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} {{other uses}}{{Not to be confused|Senate}}{{Infobox game | italic title = yes | title = Senet | image = Gaming Board Inscribed for Amenhotep III with Separate Sliding Drawer, ca. 1390-1353 B.C.E.,49.56a-b.jpg | image_caption = Senet set inscribed with the [[Horus name]] of [[Amenhotep III]] ({{r.}} 1391β1353 BCE) | genre = [[Board game]] | players = [[Two-player game|2]] }} '''Senet''' or '''senat''' ({{langx|egy|ππππ |znt|translation=passing|i=no}}; cf. [[Coptic language|Coptic]] {{lang|cop|β²₯β²β²β²}} {{IPA|/sinΙ/}}, 'passing, afternoon') is a [[board game]] from [[ancient Egypt]] that consists of ten or more pawns on a 30-square playing board.<ref name=":03">Crist 2019 p. 107</ref> The earliest representation of senet is dated to {{c.}} 2620 BCE from the [[Mastaba of Hesy-Re]],<ref name="Sebbane">{{cite journal |last=Sebbane |first=Michael |year=2001 |title=Board Games from Canaan in the Early and Intermediate Bronze Ages and the Origin of the Egyptian Senet Game |journal=Tel Aviv |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=213β230 |doi=10.1179/tav.2001.2001.2.213 |s2cid=162219908}}</ref> while similar boards and hieroglyphic signs are found even earlier, including in the Levant in the Early Bronze Age II period.<ref>Crist 2021 p. 15</ref><ref name="Piccione3">{{Cite journal |last=Piccione |first=Peter P. |date=JulyβAugust 1980 |title=In Search of the Meaning of Senet |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41726340 |journal=Archaeological Institute of America |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=55β58 |jstor=41726340 }}</ref> Even though the game has a 2,000-year history in Egypt, there appears to be very little variation in terms of key components.<ref name=":03"/><ref name=":62">Piccione 2007 p. 54</ref> This can be determined by studying the various senet boards that have been found by archaeologists, as well as depictions of senet being played throughout Egyptian history on places like tomb walls and papyrus scrolls. However, the game fell out of use during the [[Roman Egypt|Roman period]],<ref name="Sebbane"/> and its original rules are the subject of conjecture.
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