Editing Sensory neuron (section)

{{short description|Nerve cell that converts environmental stimuli into corresponding internal stimuli}}
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[[File:Structure_of_sensory_system_(4_models)_E.PNG|right|thumb|300x300px|Four types of sensory neuron]]

'''Sensory neurons''', also known as '''afferent neurons''', are [[neuron]]s in the [[nervous system]], that convert a specific type of [[Stimulus (physiology)|stimulus]], via their [[sensory receptor|receptors]], into [[action potential]]s or [[graded potential|graded]] [[receptor potential]]s.<ref>{{Cite book|title=CGP: A-Level Biology Complete Revision & Practice|last=Parsons|first=Richard|publisher=Coordination Group Publishing Ltd.|year=2018|isbn=9781789080261|location=Newcastle Upon Thynde|pages=138}}</ref> This process is called [[Transduction (physiology)|sensory transduction]]. The [[soma (biology)|cell bodies]] of the sensory neurons are located in the [[dorsal root ganglion|dorsal root ganglia]] of the [[spinal cord]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Neuroscience|url=https://archive.org/details/neuroscienceissu00purv|url-access=limited|last1=Purves|first1=Dale|last2=Augustine|first2=George|last3=Fitzpatrick|first3=David|last4=Hall|first4=William|last5=LaMantia|first5=Anthony-Samuel|last6=McNamara|first6=James|last7=White|first7=Leonard|publisher=Sinauer Associates, Inc.|year=2008|isbn=978-0878936977|edition=4th|pages=[https://archive.org/details/neuroscienceissu00purv/page/n232 207]}}</ref>

The sensory information travels on the  [[afferent nerve fiber]]s in a [[sensory nerve]], to the [[brain]] via the [[spinal cord]]. Spinal nerves transmit external sensations via sensory nerves to the brain through the spinal cord.<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=Koop LK, Tadi P |title=Neuroanatomy, Sensory Nerves |publisher=StatPearls |location=Treasure Island FL |series=StatPearls [Internet] |date=July 25, 2022 |id=NBK539846 |pmid=30969668 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30969668/}}</ref> The stimulus can come from [[exteroreceptors]] outside the body, for example those that detect light and sound, or from [[interoreceptors]] inside the body, for example those that are responsive to [[blood pressure]] or the [[Proprioception|sense of body position]].
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